An experimental setup to study the pH dependence of standard ion-transfer potentials at the water/NPOE interface is presented. The system is composed of a microhole generated by laser photoablation in a 12-microm polyethylene terephthalate film, the aqueous phase consisting of a commercial immobilized pH gradient gel reswelled in electrolyte solution and a droplet of organic solution. Two elect...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study is to measure the difference of ionized calcium between heparinized whole blood and serum. METHODS We recruited 107 maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients from our hospital HD unit. The clinical and laboratory data included ionized calcium in serum and in whole blood (reference, 4.07 to 5.17 mg/dL). RESULTS The level of ionized calcium in serum was high...

Ipratropium bromide is a white to off-white crystalline substance. It is freely soluble in lower alcohols and water, existing in an ionized state in aqueous solutions, and relatively insoluble in non-polar media. Ipratropium bromide nasal solution, 0.06% is a metereddose, manual pump spray unit which delivers 42 mcg ipratropium bromide (on an anhydrous basis) per spray (70 mcL) in an isotonic, ...

The current paradigm of star formation through accretion disks, and magnetohydrodynamically driven gas ejections, predicts the development of collimated outflows, rather than expansion without any preferential direction. We present radio continuum observations of the massive protostar W75N(B)-VLA 2, showing that it is a thermal, collimated ionized wind and that it has evolved in 18 years from a...

An apparatus has been developed to study the nucleation, growth, and morphology of water–ice grains spontaneously generated in a weakly ionized plasma having very cold neutral particles. Nucleation of water–ice grains in the laboratory experiment occurs only when plasma exists but the plasma density is not too high. Nonspherical, fast growth occurs when the mean free path of water molecules exc...

Ionized rare-earth is a special kind of soil, which contains free ions soluble in water, and its conductivity affected by both ion concentration water content. Mastering the waveform properties geological radar this soil layer under different content conditions helpful to improve accuracy post-interpretation. To obtain interpretation properties, model experiment was proposed. Firstly, rectangul...

Nanocomposite of ZrO2/ZnO was prepared under ultrasonic irradiation by sol gel process from directly mixing Zirconium and Zinc gels, and the mixture was placed under ultrasonic irradiation for 2 hours then aging time the filtrated composite gel was calcinated at 500°C for 3h in furnace. The precursor sol of zirconium was prepared from an aqueous solution of ZrCl4 and zinc acetate dihydrated was...