Ionizing radiation long has been recognized as a cause of cancer. Among environmental cancer risks, radiation is unique in the variety of organs and tissues that it can affect. Numerous epidemiological studies with good dosimetry provide the basis for cancer risk estimation, including quantitative information derived from observed dose-response relationships. The amount of cancer attributable t...

Investigation of the mechanisms of radiation-induced brain injury is a relevant fundamental objective of radiobiology and neuroradiology. Damage to the healthy brain tissue is the key factor limiting the application of radiation therapy in patients with nervous systems neoplasms. Furthermore, postradiation brain injury can be clinically indiscernible from continued tumor growth and requires dif...

background: the fatal effect of ionizing radiation on cells depends on linear energy transfer (let) level. the distribution of ionizing radiation is sparse and homogeneous for low let radiations such as x or γ, but it is dense and concentrated for high let radiation such as heavy-ions radiation. material and methods: chinese hamster ovary cells (cho-k1) were exposed to 4 gy fe-ion 2000 kev/m. ...

2. Ionizing radiation Individual types of IR possess different biological effectiveness. In order to it unit of equivalent dose was defined – 1 Sievert (Sv). Equivalent dose represents absorbed dose multiplied with factor connected with biological effectiveness of IR. More precisely, this factor expresses how many times is precise IR effective than photons of X or gamma radiation (röentgen radi...

Neurocognitive impairment is a serious adverse effect of radiation-based therapy [1]. It is well known that ionizing radiations induce oxidative stress on target tissues, mainly through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [2,3]. Spatial learning and memory are compromised after ionizing irradiation in rats using the Morris water maze test, and antioxidant-based diets are able to imp...

background: after radiation therapy (rt), some health hazards including dna damages may occur where melatonin can play a protective role due to free radical generation. on the other hand, serious accidental overexposures may occur during rt due to nuclear accidents which necessitate the need for study on exposure to high-dose radiations during treatments. objective: the aim of this study was to...

The surgeon and the radiation therapist share the primary responsibility for the maintenance of local control in the management of carcinoma of the rectum. Usually, radiation therapy is used to control microscopic disease, while surgery is employed to control macroscopic disease. For ionizing radiation to be effective, targeted tissues must be well oxygenated. Likewise, the risk of local recurr...

Ionizing radiation is a form of radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from their atomic or molecular orbital shells in the tissues they penetrate (Borek 1993). These ionizations, received in sufficient quantities over a period of time, can result in tissue damage and disruption of cellular function at the molecular level. Of particular interest is their effect on deoxyribonucleic...

The damage and signaling to cells and tissues with subsequent stimulatory responses induced by low doses of ionizing radiation were reviewed in Part 1 (J Nucl Med. 2001;42[7]:17N–27N). In the intact organism, these responses are expressions of complex adaptive systems that maintain homeostatic control essential for survival. The antimutagenic DNA damage-control system is the central component o...