نتایج جستجو برای: irreversible expansion
تعداد نتایج: 165010 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Abstract A high-pressure optical absorption study and Raman and infrared spectroscopy are carried out on hafnium tungstate (HfW2O8) at room temperature. The band gap decreases rapidly with pressure until ∼9 GPa is reached, increases between 9 and 16 GPa, and slowly decreases with pressure from 16 to 47 GPa. The changes under pressure of the vibrational modes have been studied, and an estimate o...
We show that the thermodynamic entropy density is proportional to the largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) of a discrete hydrodynamical system, a deterministic two-dimensional lattice gas automaton. The definition of the LLE for cellular automata is based on the concept of Boolean derivatives and is formally equivalent to that of continuous dynamical systems. This relation is justified using a Marko...
We simulate the far-from-equilibrium irreversible expansion of a compressed ideal gas in two space dimensions. For this problem the particle trajectories from conventional Smooth Particle Applied Mechanics are isomorphic to those from a corresponding molecular dynamics simulation. The smooth-particle \weight function", used to describe the expanding gas, is identical to the pair potential gover...
The study considers advantages of the introduced measure of time based on the entropy change under irreversible processes (entropy production). Using the example of non-equilibrium expansion of an ideal gas in vacuum, such a measure is introduced. It is shown that, in the general case, this measure of time proves to be nonlinearly related to the reference measure assumed uniform by convention. ...
The authors studied the anomalous behaviors of vitreous silica under the combined influence of high temperature and pressure, by using molecular dynamics simulations based on a charge-transfer three-body potential. Accordingly, anomalous properties, such as the minimum in the bulk modulus at 2–3 GPa and the negative thermal expansion while under pressure, are inherently connected to the ability...
Distributions of the largest fragment charge, Zmax, in multifragmentation reactions around the Fermi energy can be decomposed into a sum of a Gaussian and a Gumbel distribution, whereas at much higher or lower energies one or the other distribution is asymptotically dominant. We demonstrate the same generic behavior for the largest cluster size in critical aggregation models for small systems, ...
In the steam power plant, working medium used for energy transformation is water vapor. The thermodynamic properties of vapor are usually obtained by using tables and charts. Adiabatic process widespread in engineering applications. adiabatic realized without heat addition or rejection entropy during a reversible remains constant. During an expansion process, superheated turns into saturated , ...
There are alternative sets of postulates which yield entirely equivalent results for several important theories. In such cases the choice of a particular set of postulates may be based upon mathematical simplicity, close relationship to experiments or to the nature of the theory, or merely personal taste. While the postulate of conservation of energy is usually presented in similar form for the...
Investment is often irreversible: once installed, capital has little or no value unless used in production. This paper proposes, solves and characterizes a model of sequential irreversible investment by a firm facing uncertainty in technology, demand and price of capital. The solution can be found in closed form if simple (but not totally unrealistic) functional forms are assumed, and can be gi...
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