Irreversible k-conversion set is introduced in connection with the mathematical modeling of the spread of diseases or opinions. We show that the problem to find a minimum irreversible 2-conversion set can be solved in O(n2 log6 n) time for graphs with maximum degree at most 3 (subcubic graphs) by reducing it to the graphic matroid parity problem, where n is the number of vertices in a graph. Th...

This paper is a review of the existing testing algorithms for reversible circuits. Although a great amount of effort has been made on finding means to build reversible gates and circuits, little research has been done on the modeling the faults of reversible circuits according to their process technology and consequently on the development of testing algorithms for reversible circuits. The exis...

Abstract In this paper a fourth-order numerical scheme is developed and implemented for the solution of non-homogeneous heat equation ut = uxx + q(x, t) with integral boundary conditions. The results obtained show that the numerical method based on the proposed technique is fourth-order accurate as well as L-acceptable. Also the efficiency and the accuracy of the new scheme is in good agreement...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and its synthetic, long-acting analog terlipressin (TP) are potent alternative vasoconstrictors in the treatment of septic patients with catecholamine-refractive vasodilatatory shock. Recent clinical data suggest that early administration of AVP analogues may be advantageous compared to a last resort therapy. However, it is still unknown whether vasopressin and terlip...

The relation between quantum measurement and thermodynam-ically irreversible processes is investigated. The reduction of the state vector is fundamentally asymmetric in time and shows an observer-relatedness which may explain the double interpretation of the state vector as a representation of physical states as well as of information about them. The concept of relevance being used in all stati...

conclusions although our patient had ckd stage 4, but his condition has not deteriorated and remained constant and stable for several years only by control of blood pressure and usual treatment which prescribed for patients at this stage case presentation a 78-year-old man presented with stage 4 ckd for 7 years; the glomerular filtration rate (gfr) and creatinine levels remained constant despit...

The purpose of this work was to determine whether the synergistic interaction of ionizing radiation and some chemicals in Chinese hamster cells was related with inhibition of the liquid holding recovery (LHR) or with the production of irreversible damages which could not be repaired. Using the proposed mathematical model describing the process of the LHR and experimental data published by other...

The principle of detailed balance states that in equilibrium each elementary process is equilibrated by its reverse process. For many real physico-chemical complex systems (e.g. homogeneous combustion, heterogeneous catalytic oxidation, most enzyme reactions, etc.), detailed mechanisms include both reversible and irreversible reactions. In this case, the principle of detailed balance cannot be ...

We propose a method to measure real-valued time series irreversibility which combines two different tools: the horizontal visibility algorithm and the Kullback-Leibler divergence. This method maps a time series to a directed network according to a geometric criterion. The degree of irreversibility of the series is then estimated by the Kullback-Leibler divergence (i.e. the distinguishability) b...

an octahedral cobalt(iii) complex, trans-[(me2bpb)co(bzlan)2]clo4 (1), with h2me2bpb = n,n’-(4,5-dimethyl-1,2-phenylene)dipicolinamide and bzlan = benzylamine, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, ir, uv-vis, and 1h nmr spectroscopy. the structure of this complex has been determined by x-ray crystallography. the me2bpb2– is a di-anionic tetradentate ligand furnishing a ...