Animal bones are common archaeological finds and it is well-recognised that their detailed study provides important information about past human activities (7, 8, 9).The major part of faunal assemblages are domestic animals skeletal remains (27). The identification and correct description of pathological changes plays significant role in understanding of the human-animal interactions in daily l...

Catabolic cytokine and anabolic growth factor pathways control destruction and repair in osteoarthritis (OA). A unidirectional TNF-alpha/IL-1-driven cytokine cascade disturbs the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage in OA. Although chondrocytes in OA cartilage overexpress anabolic insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and its specific receptor (IGFRI) autocrine TNF-alpha re...