A key challenge in robot swarm engineering is the design of individual robot controllers such that the robots as a group can perform a specified task. In this paper, we explore algorithmic options for designing and reconfiguring swarms of synchronous reactive robots to perform a joint navigation / morphogenesis task in a known world. Our results show that neither of these problems can be solved...

ABSTRACT The second EMBO-EMBL Symposium ‘Synthetic Morphogenesis: From Gene Circuits to Tissue Architecture’ was held virtually in March 2021, with participants from all over the world joining comfort of their sofas discuss synthetic morphogenesis at large. Leading scientists a range disciplines, including developmental biology, physics, chemistry and computer science, covered gamut topics prin...

A common developmental process, called branching morphogenesis, generates the epithelial trees in a variety of organs, including lungs, kidneys, and glands. How morphogenesis can create architectures very different shapes functions remains elusive. In this review, we compare its regulation lungs kidneys discuss role signaling pathways, mesenchyme, extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton as potential...

The paper analyzes the role of HOX genes in processes embryonic development vertebrates. Based on analysis, it is concluded that are most important regulators development. predominantly realize their influence through specific proteins have ability to regulate expression target genes.
 order genes, as a rule, obeys rule temporal and spatial colinearity. This mechanism determines course tis...

Abstract Morphogenesis of the silica based cell walls diatoms, a large group microalgae, is paradigm for self-assembly complex 3D nano- and microscale patterned inorganic materials. In recent years, loss-of-function studies using genetic manipulation were successfully applied identification genes that guide morphogenesis in diatoms. These revealed loss one gene can affect multiple morphological...

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that epigenetics plays a role in osteoarthrits (OA). The aim of the study was to describe the genome wide DNA methylation changes in hip and knee OA and identify novel genes and pathways involved in OA by comparing the DNA methylome of the hip and knee osteoarthritic cartilage tissues with those of OA-free individuals. METHODS Cartilage samples were collected from...

The knee joint has a highly complex 3-dimensional (3D) morphology that is sculpted at the interface of the forming long bones as they are generated in the embryo. Although it is clear that regulatory genes guide joint formation, the mechanisms that are responsible for morphogenesis of the knee are poorly understood. Certainly the process involves integration across several tissues and physical/...

A characteristic of all arthropods is the presence of flexible structures called joints that connect all leg segments. Drosophila legs include two types of joints: the proximal or "true" joints that are motile due to the presence of muscle attachment and the distal joints that lack musculature. These joints are not only morphologically, functionally and evolutionarily different, but also the mo...