Interrelationships, origin and phylogenetic affinities of brown trout Salmo trutta populations from the southern Caspian Sea basin, Orumieh and Namak Lake basins in Iran were analysed from complete mtDNA control region sequences, 12 microsatellite loci and morphological characters. Among 129 specimens from six populations, seven haplotypes were observed. Based on mtDNA haplotype data, the Orumi...

BACKGROUND Few studies have directly compared the effectiveness of different emollients in vivo, and the important matter of patient preference is generally overlooked. METHODS We report the results of an assessor-blinded, bilateral, concurrent comparison of two emollient pharmaceutical presentations, ie, Doublebase gel (DB) and Aqueous cream BP (AC), applied by 20 participants three times da...

The generality of asymmetric reproductive isolation between reciprocal crosses suggests that the evolution of isolation mechanisms often proceeds in reciprocal asymmetry. In hermaphroditic snails that copulate simultaneously and reciprocally, asymmetry in premating isolation may not be readily detectable because the failure of the symmetric performance of courtship would prevent copulation from...

A constraint satisfaction neural network (CSNN) approach is proposed for breast cancer diagnosis using mammographic and patient history findings. Initially, the diagnostic decision to biopsy was formulated as a constraint satisfaction problem. Then, an associative memory type neural network was applied to solve the problem. The proposed network has a flexible, nonhierarchical architecture that ...

PURPOSE To study the association of ARMS2 A69S genotype with the development of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the unaffected fellow eye and to estimate the duration until the development of AMD in the second eye. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 326 patients who had exudative AMD in at least 1 eye, genotyping of ARMS2 A69S, and a m...

One of the most important and perilous groundwater contaminants is nitrate. The study area unconfined (free) aquifer Karaj, located in central Iran, which subject to quantity quality hazards due unbalanced urban, industrial, agricultural developments. Evaluation vulnerability condition this against nitrate as contamination index essential since consumed water provided by groundwater. This paper...

Solving a new multi-objective hybrid flexible flowshop problem with limited waiting times and machinesequence-dependent set-up time constraints S.F. Attar a , M. Mohammadi a , R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam b & S. Yaghoubi c a Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Kharazmi University , Karaj , Iran b Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Center of Exc...