Agent Systems may be used where information privacy is needed, which is often referred to as ‘proxy blind signature’. They are commonly used to make purchases on someone's behalf, especially in electronic commerce. However, they do not work well in our current delivery system because the courier, or person who delivers the package, knows the identity of the sender/recipients; this is usually wr...

Smartcards are being used as secure endpoints in computer transactions. Recently, the connectivity of smartcards has increased and future smartcards will be able to communicate over the TCP/IP protocol. In this work, we explore options for using a smartcard as an active node in a communication network rather than as an endpoint. We envision in particular a proxy firewall running on a smartcard ...

It is well known that some XML elements correspond to objects (in the sense of object-orientation) and others do not. The question we consider in this paper is what benefits we can derive from paying attention to such object semantics, particularly for the problem of keyword queries. Keyword queries against XML data have been studied extensively in recent years, with several lowest-common-ances...

The extent of and changes in inter-generational mobility of wealth are central to understanding dynamics of wealth inequality but hard to measure. Using estate tax returns data, we observe that the share of women among the very wealthy (top 0.01%) in the United States peaked in the late 1960s, reaching almost 50%. Three decades on, women’s share had declined to one third, a return to pre-war le...

The paper drew parallels between the Russo- Ukraine war and Second World War Cold War. A contextual these events eras were described in study. similarities pointed out, a conjecture was reviewed, comparison of NATO Russia’s National Interests studied side by as it concerns nations border states with Russia. study relied on documentary data. data sourced from government annual departmental repor...

Abstract Proxy wars are a form of confrontation whose origins lost in the mists history. In 20th century and at beginning 21st century, this type war experienced sharp development due to changes that took place on international scene. Due fact great powers avoided direct during Cold War, for fear would degenerate into new conventional or even nuclear world war, they chose use proxy warfare as p...