Microwave heating effects are widely used in the acceleration of organic, polymerization and enzymatic reactions. These effects are primarily caused by the local heating induced by microwave irradiation. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms associated with microwave heating effects on the chemical reactions are not yet well understood. This study investigated the microwave heating effect ...

Microwave irradiation is a well-known method for heating and drying materials and is utilized in many private households and industrial applications for this purpose. It offers a number of advantages over conventional heating, such as noncontact heating (circumventing the decomposition of molecules close to the walls of the reaction vessel), instantaneous and rapid heating (resulting in a unifo...

AIMS To assess the effect of microwave heating on immunohistochemical staining of CD15 and CD30 antigens in Hodgkin's disease tissue samples. METHODS Formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded sections from 20 cases of Hodgkin's disease (six mixed cellularity, 14 nodular sclerosis) were immunostained for CD15, using two antibodies (DAKO-M1 and Leu-M1) and for CD30 using the antibody Ber-H2. The st...

Determining the cold-spot in packaged foods is a critical step to ensure commercial sterility of the processed products in developing novel thermal processes. In dielectric heating (i.e. heating with microwave and radio frequency energy), the cold-spot is different from that of conventional heating. Chemical marker methods can be used to map heating patterns within foods systems. This study det...

BACKGROUND Microwave heating is one of the most attractive cooking methods for food preparation, commonly employed in households and especially in restaurants for its high speed and convenience. The chemical constituents of oils that degrade during microwave heating do so at rates that vary with heating temperature and time in a similar manner to other type of processing methods. The rate of qu...

.................................................................................................... 9 Chapter 1: Introduction ........................................................................ 10 1.1 The waste tire ............................................................................. 10 1.2 Methods for recycling waste tires ............................................. 13 1.2.1 L...

Carbon materials are, in general, very good absorbents of microwaves, i.e., they are easily heated by microwave radiation. This characteristic allows them to be transformed by microwave heating, giving rise to new carbons with tailored properties, to be used as microwave receptors, in order to heat other materials indirectly, or to act as a catalyst and microwave receptor in different heterogen...

Dyeing of polyester fabrics with thienobenzochromene disperse dyes under conventional and microwave heating conditions was studied in order to determine whether microwave heating could be used to enhance the dyeability of polyester fabrics. Fastness properties of the dyed samples were measured. All samples dyed with or without microwave heating displayed excellent washing and perspiration fastn...

Biomass was subjected to conventional and microwave pyrolysis, to determine the influence of each process on the yield and composition of the derived gas, oil and char products. The influence of pyrolysis temperature and heating rate for the conventional pyrolysis and the microwave power was investigated. Two major stages of gas release were observed during biomass pyrolysis, the first being CO...