We describe a simple magneto-optical experiment and introduce a magneto-optical Kramers-Kronig analysis (MOKKA) that together allow extracting the complex dielectric function for left- and right-handed circular polarizations in a broad range of frequencies without actually generating circularly polarized light. The experiment consists of measuring reflectivity and Kerr rotation, or alternativel...

We investigate the statistical parity of a class of chaos-generated noises on the escape of strongly damped particles out of a potential well. We show that statistical asymmetry in the chaotic fluctuations can lead to a skewed Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution in the well. Depending on the direction of skew, the Kramers escape rate is enhanced or suppressed accordingly. Based on the Perron-Frobeni...

In this paper, we study nonlinear Kramers problem by investigating overdamped systems ruled by the one-dimensional nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation. We obtain an analytic expression for the Kramers escape rate under quasistationary conditions by employing a metastable potential and its predictions are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations. The results exhibit the anomalies due to th...

Jarzynski’s nonequilibriumwork relation can be understood as the realization of the (hidden) timegenerator reciprocal symmetry satisfied for the conditional probability function. To show this, we introduce the reciprocal process where the classical probability theory is expressedwith real wave functions, and derive amathematical relation using the symmetry.We further discuss that the descriptio...

We report on the first high-resolution measurements of the K x-ray resonant Raman scattering (RRS) in Si. The measured x-ray RRS spectra, interpreted using the Kramers-Heisenberg approach, revealed spectral features corresponding to electronic excitations to the conduction and valence bands in silicon. The total cross sections for the x-ray RRS at the 1s absorption edge and the 1s-3p excitation...

Recently we have evaluated the matrix elements 〈Orp〉, where O = {1, β, iαnβ} are the standard Dirac matrix operators and the angular brackets denote the quantum-mechanical average for the relativistic Coulomb problem, in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions 3F2 (1) for all suitable powers and established two sets of Pasternack-type matrix identities for these integrals. The correspondi...

silicon thin layers are deposited on glass substrates with the thickness of 103 nm, 147 nm and 197 nm. the layers are produced with electron gun evaporation method under ultra-high vacuum condition. the optical reectance and the transmittance of produced layers were measured by using spectrophotometer. the optical functions such as, real and imaginary part of refractive index, real and imaginar...