The objective of this study was to reveal the exact role of Kupffer cells in the diet-induced insulin resistance, inflammation and liver autophagy. C57BL/6j male mice were fed with either chow diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Meanwhile, HFD feeding mice received an intraperitoneal injection of either 0.2% GdCl3 solution (20mg/kg) twice a week to deplete Kupffer cells or natural saline ...

Recent studies have demonstrated that glycine blunts the response of Kupffer cells to endotoxin. Based on pharmacological evidence, it was hypothesized that Kupffer cells and other macrophages contain a glycine-gated chloride channel similar to the glycine receptor expressed in neuronal tissues. Moreover, glycine stimulates influx of radiolabeled chloride in Kupffer cells in a dose-dependent ma...

Prostaglandins, released from Kupffer cells, have been shown to mediate the increase in hepatic glycogenolysis by various stimuli such as zymosan, endotoxin, immune complexes, and anaphylotoxin C3a involving prostaglandin (PG) receptors coupled to phospholipase C via a G(0) protein. PGs also decreased glucagon-stimulated glycogenolysis in hepatocytes by a different signal chain involving PGE2 r...

The uptake of formalin-denaturated homologous albumin (FDA) by rat liver sinus-lining cells was studied using ultrastructural, cytochemical, and immunocytochemical techniques. Three minutes after intravenous injection of: 1) FDA, 2) peroxidase-coupled FDA (HRP-FDA), 3) ferritin-labeled FDA (FE-FDA), 4) colloidal gold-labeled FDA (CG-FDA), or 5) 0.85% NaCl, livers were fixed by perfusion with tw...

Interleukin (IL)-2 administration has been shown to decrease CYP3A enzyme activity in vivo. To determine whether IL-2 suppression of human hepatocyte CYP3A activity is direct or whether it is facilitated by the presence of Kupffer cells, primary human hepatocytes were cultured alone or cocultured with primary human Kupffer cells at physiologic hepatocyte/Kupffer cell ratios of 10:1 or 10:4. Usi...

Extrahepatic factors, such as increased gut permeability and bacteria from the gut, have been shown to play a role in D-galactosamine toxicity in rats. Because bacterial endotoxin activates Kupffer cells, the purpose of this study was to clarify the role of Kupffer cells in the mechanism of D-galactosamine hepatotoxicity in rats and determine whether uridine, a compound that rescues animals fro...