This research paper evaluates the effect political gender quotas on female labor force indicators in South America, specifically labor force participation (formal sector) and unemployment. There has been significant progress within the region, with respect to lessening gender inequality, however the focus on access to educational opportunities maybe overstating the reduction in current gender i...

GLM|LIC Synthesis Paper No. 7 | October 2017 What Explains Uneven Female Labor Force Participation Levels and Trends in Developing Countries?* Trends in female labor force participation (FLFP) have been quite heterogeneous, rising strongly in Latin America, while improvements were modest in the Middle East and female participation even fell in South Asia. These trends are inconsistent with the ...

Tabulations from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) show that the steady increase in U.S. women’s labor force participation that characterized the post-World War II period has largely subsided. For most groups of women (all women, married women, and women with children), the trend line in the labor force participation rate flattened out in the earlyto mid-1990s after nearly four decades of st...

We use a specially designed survey to evaluate the effect of several public policies on female labor force participation in Chile. First, we estimate a self-selection model to find the determinants of female labor participation and wages. Our participation estimates show that schooling is highly positively correlated with participation and being married or having a partner is negatively correla...

In this paper, we use the policy variation of two different types of health insurance in the US and in Denmark - employer-provided and universal insurance combined with substantial differences in expected and actual medical out-of-pocket expenditures - to explore the effect of new severe health shocks on the labor force participation of older workers. Our results not only provide insight into h...

This paper quantitatively tests how much of the post-WWII evolution in employment and average wages by gender can be explained by a model where changing labor demand requirements are the driving forces. I argue that a big fraction of the original female employment and wage gaps in mid-century, and the subsequent shrinking of both gaps, are explained by labor reallocation from brawn-intensive to...

OBJECTIVE This research aimed to examine the impact of attention deficit disorder (ADD)/ADHD in children on parental labor force participation across different child age groups. METHOD This study utilized a longitudinal, quantitative analyses approach. All data were collected from Wave 6 of the Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) survey. RESULTS Aft...

This paper investigates the relationship between economic development and female labor force participation in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Using a panel data set of 20 countries in the region for the period of 1990-2012, I develop an econometric model that tests the U-shape hypothesis. This study builds upon previous literature examining the U-shape hypothesis in time series studies...

Using Census Public Use Micro Sample (PUMS) data for 1980, 1990 and 2000, this paper documents a little-noticed feature of U.S. labor markets—that there is wide variation in the labor market participation rates and annual work hours of white married women across urban areas. This variation is also large among sub-groups, including women with children and those with different levels of education...

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) was amended in 1978 to prohibit mandatory retirement before age 70 in most occupations. The impact of this legislation on the probability of older persons remaining in the labor force is the primary concern of this article. Specifically, questions concerning which older workers are affected by mandatory-retirement provisions and the extent to whic...