the present study was conducted on buffaloes that were non-cycling (heifers, n=32; lactating, n=13) or cycling (heifers, n=11; lactating, n=27) and in the buffaloes that conceived (heifers; n=11; lactating, n=23)or failed to conceive (heifers, n=32; lactating, n=17) subsequent to artificial insemination. plasma samples were analyzed for thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid hormones, glucose, to...

Female fertility is essential to any beef breeding program. However, little genetic gain has been made due long generation intervals and low levels of phenotyping. Days calving (DC) a trait that may provide lead an increased weaning rate. Genetic parameters correlations were estimated compared for DC across multiple joinings (first, second third+) lactation status (lactating non-lactating) trop...

The mechanism responsible for the insulin resistance described in vivo in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of lactating rats was investigated. The effect of insulin on glucose metabolism was studied on isolated brown adipocytes of non-lactating and lactating rats. Insulin stimulation of total glucose metabolism is 50% less in brown adipocytes from lactating than from non-lactating rats. This reflects...

Improving efficiency of protein utilization is important for pregnant sows under restricted feed allowance and for lactating sows with limited feed intake. Sows have limited ability to support the growth of fetuses and mammary glands during late gestation and to support mammary growth and milk production, especially during first lactation period. A series of studies was conducted to characteriz...

1. Four parameters of insulin metabolism were compared in catheterized lactating and non-lactating Friesian x Ayrshire dairy cows. 2. The four parameters, i.e. arterial and portal-venous concentrations of insulin, and pancreatic output and hepatic uptake of insulin, were approx. 2-, 3-, 3- and 5-fold higher respectively in the non-lactating cows than in the lactating cows in the normal fed sta...

The present study analysed the effect of protein restriction on serum insulin and leptin levels and their relationship with energy balance during lactation. Four groups of rats received isocaloric diets containing 170 g protein/kg or 60 g protein/kg from pregnancy until the 14th day of lactation: control non-lactating, control lactating (both fed a control diet), low-protein non-lactating and l...

Dairy cow health is multifactorial and complex. High producing dairy cows have been described as “metabolic athletes,” but 30 to 50% of cows are affected by a metabolic or infectious disease around calving (LeBlanc, 2010). Cows are highly susceptible to metabolic and infectious disease during the transition period, or the period from 3 weeks before to 3 weeks after calving (Huzzey et al., 2007,...

Leptin suppresses food intake and increases energy expenditure in the hypothalamus. Rats consume most of their daily food intake during the dark phase of the diurnal cycle. Lactating rats have increased food intake, but the involvement of leptin in the regulation of food intake in this physiological condition is not well understood. The present experiment was carried out to determine the circad...

In general, primates are long lived and invest more time in the post-natal care of their young than do other mammals (Richard, 1985). This longer period of parental investment increases the females' cost in providing for infants but may playa major role in ensuring offspring survival. Studies on the cost of reproduction indicate that lactating females have higher nutritional requirements than b...

BACKGROUND Diagnosis of tuberculosis is difficult among pregnant women because the signs and symptoms of the disease, such as fatigue, shortness of breath, sweating, cough, and mild fever are similar to some manifestations of pregnancy. It is particularly challenging among HIV-infected women as symptoms are often masked or atypical. Currently, WHO recommends a standard four-symptom screening to...