Fire is widely recognized as a critical ecological and evolutionary driver that needs to be at the forefront of land management actions if conservation targets are to be met. However, the prevailing view is that prescribed fire is riskier than other land management techniques. Perceived risks associated with the application of fire limits its use and reduces agency support for prescribed burnin...

land-use spatial allocation is a multi-objective collaborative spatial optimization methodfor rational use of the land use. based on global search capabilities and the information feedbackmechanism of ant colony optimization (aco), a land-use spatial allocation model (aco-la) isproposed. firstlyfirst, a construction graph is built for modeling the land-use spatial allocationproblem. secondlysec...

there are various methods and models for land evaluation. these methods are classified according to the number of used resources. the best resources capabilities or potentials and land use can be found by analyzing one of the main resources, in the lands close relations to ecologic resources exist. soil has a great potential for introducing the studied region specifications. hence, it challenge...

This edited volume is devoted to the examination of the implications of the inevitable changes wrought by global change on the welfare and livelihoods of tens of millions of people who live in dryland regions. Global change is more than just climate change and the ramifications of changing trade patterns (geopolitical and economic aspects), the shift to the market economy, demographic factors (...

providing of landing use maps and detecting of land capacity are required to manage of natural resources and environment and planning of land use. on the other hand, it is necessary to detect of the human deriving forces affecting land use change. in this research, we selected seyed mohaleh and drasara villages in tonekabon city. first, were provided the land use maps in 1987 and 2008 by using ...

There a re two main strategies in dealing with rare and dependent catastrophic risks: the use of risk reduction measures (prepa redness programs. land use regulations, etc.) and the use of risk spreading mechanisms, such as insurance and financial markets. These strategies are not separable. The risk reduction measures increase the insurability of risks. On the other hand, the insurance policie...

Recent natural disasters such as earthquakes, flood, and fire, and other issues such as asbestos, pests, and fraud all highlight the spatial nature of risk and the relationship between place and risk. These examples show that location is a major factor in determining what or where is at risk and how to manage that risk. In this paper the term risk refers to hazards and threats that exist that h...

Western United States forest wildfire activity is widely thought to have increased in recent decades, yet neither the extent of recent changes nor the degree to which climate may be driving regional changes in wildfire has been systematically documented. Much of the public and scientific discussion of changes in western United States wildfire has focused instead on the effects of 19th- and 20th...

14 Dairy soiled water (DSW) is produced on dairy farms through the washing-down of 15 milking parlours and holding areas, and is generally applied to land. However, there is 16 a risk of nutrient loss to surface and ground waters from land application. The aim of 17 this study was to use aerobic woodchip filters to remove organic matter, suspended 18 solids (SS) and nutrients from DSW. This nov...