BACKGROUND The Firth of Clyde is a large inlet of the sea that extends over 100 km into Scotland's west coast. METHODS We compiled detailed fisheries landings data for this area and combined them with historical accounts to build a picture of change due to fishing activity over the last 200 years. FINDINGS In the early 19th century, prior to the onset of industrial fishing, the Firth of Cly...

To be as accurate possible, stock assessments should account for discard mortality in fisheries if it occurs. Three common approaches to modeling discards are lump dead with landings, treat their own fleet, or link them conversely landings through use of a retention function. The first approach (lumping) implicitly assumes that the selectivity applies also discards. In many cases, assumption is...

Florida’s commercial and recreational shark landings represent a significant portion of the total U.S. Atlantic shark landings (NMFS, 1993). Shark landings have increased significantly during the past decade because human consumption of shark meat has become increasingly acceptable and because, in Asian markets, the demand for shark fins is very high— as are the prices paid for them (NMFS, 1993...

The worldwide depletion of major fish stocks through intensive industrial fishing is thought to have profoundly altered the trophic structure of marine ecosystems. Here we assess changes in the trophic structure of the English Channel marine ecosystem using a 90-year time-series (1920-2010) of commercial fishery landings. Our analysis was based on estimates of the mean trophic level (mTL) of an...

Fishm~ is the exploitation of the living resources of the sea. In a broad sense, fisheries encompass not only the catching offinfish and invertebrates such as shrimps and squids, but also the collection ofcockles and other bivalves and ofseaweed. and the (largely past) hunting ofmarine mammals. The funning of fish and aquatic invenebrates is also often, if confusingly, considered by many to be ...

To better understand methodological factors that alter landings strategies, we compared sagittal plane joint energetics during the initial landing phase of drop jumps (DJ) vs. drop landings (DL), and when shod vs. barefoot. Surface electromyography, kinematic and kinetic data were obtained on 10 males and 10 females during five consecutive drop landings and five consecutive drop jumps (0.45m) w...

Oyster populations in Virginia’s waters of Chesapeake Bay were lightly exploited until the early 1800s, when industrial fishery vessels first arrived, driven south from New England due to the collapse of northeastern oyster fisheries. Early signs of overexploitation and habitat degradation were evident by the 1850s. The public fishery, where oyster fishers harvest on state-owned bottom, rapidly...

There is a lack of studies investigating gender differences in whole-body kinematics during single-leg landings from increasing vertical heights and horizontal distances. This study determined the main effects and interactions of gender, vertical height, and horizontal distance on whole-body joint kinematics during single-leg landings, and established whether these findings could explain the ge...

Technical evaluation in the sport of figure skating is characterized by a subjective marking system. Figure skating judges are responsible for quickly and accurately discerning the quality of technical elements as well as assigning a score to the overall aesthetic appearance of a performance. Traditionally, overall placement marks are assigned for the entire performance; however, the landing of...