In this paper, the problem of large pure bending deformations of membrane is considered. The membrane is a sector of torus with a closed cross-section. This membrane is called a curved tube for short. We consider the homogenous, incompressible, isotropic and hyperelastic material. The external load is a constant pressure and bending couples acting at the edges. The equilibrium equations reduce ...

Recent developments in the study of the laser bending process are reviewed and presented to obtain new perspectives along the lines of dimensional characteristics and mechanical properties of the formed parts. Both numerical and experimental results are described and compared. The dimensional characteristics examined include bending angle variation and bending edge curving. The mechanical prope...

This paper analyzes the adequacy of shell models for predicting stresses and strains in thick-walled tubes subjected to detonation loads. Of particular interest are the large axial strains which are produced at the inner and outer surfaces of the tube due to bending along the tube axis. First, comparisons between simple shell theory and a static finite element model are used to show that the ax...

Dorsolateral bending of the neural plate, an undifferentiated pseudostratified epithelium, is essential for neural tube closure in the mouse spinal region. If dorsolateral bending fails, spina bifida results. In the present study, we investigated the molecular signals that regulate the formation of dorsolateral hinge points (DLHPs). We show that Bmp2 expression correlates with upper spinal neur...

Integration of new surgical devices with surgery assisting robots is required by surgeons. We have developed a novel robotic laser coagulator with a charge coupled device (CCD) video endoscope and a bending joint. The endoscope visualizes the detail of the target, and bending joint realizes the irradiation in a selected direction. We adopted two laser diodes for this purpose: an infrared semico...

A new type of optical switching device is developed. For a semiconductor laser amplifier with a shallow-etched bending ridge waveguide, the laser beam could propagate along the bending direction or the straight direction. Switching between the two directions is characterized. With the device fabricated on the substrate with two quantum wells of different widths, switching characteristics are fo...