Introduction: Lava flow surface morphology results from processes that occur during emplacement. Features such as tumuli and lava rises are indicators of flow inflation [1]. Tumuli in particular have been identified as possible indicators of lava tube location [2-5], indicating that their distribution on the surface of a lava flow is a function of the internal pathways of lava present during fl...

[1] Basaltic volcanism is widespread on the lunar nearside, and returned samples suggest that the mare-forming magmas had low viscosity that led to primarily sheet-like deposits. New 70-cm wavelength radar observations that probe several meters beneath the lunar surface reveal differences in mare backscatter properties not explained by age or compositional variations. We interpret areas of high...

The end-Permian mass extinction was the most severe in the Phanerozoic, extinguishing more than 90% of marine and 75% of terrestrial species in a maximum of 61 ± 48 ky. Because of broad temporal coincidence between the biotic crisis and one of the most voluminous continental volcanic eruptions since the origin of animals, the Siberian Traps large igneous province (LIP), a causal connection has ...

A central loop Transient Electromagnetic TEM Resistivity Survey was conducted at the Geysir high temperature geothermal area as part the project of the author. The area is situated 110 km away from Reykjavik and lies in a shallow valley elongated north-south. Geologically it is surrounded by three volcanic domes made-up of rhyolites, hyloclastites and inter-glacial basaltic lava that obtain hea...

A sound knowledge of mechanical properties of rocks at high temperatures and pressures is essential for modelling volcanological problems such as fracture of lava flows and dike emplacement. In particular, fracture toughness is a scale invariant material property of a rock that describes its resistance to tensile failure. A new fracture mechanics apparatus has been constructed enabling fracture...

Inclusions of quenched mafic magma occur in a 21 Ma rhyolite lava and precursory non-welded tuff that form the Spor Mountain Formation in west-central Utah. The mafic inclusions are not lithic inclusions; no comparable volcanic unit was present at the surface when the Spor Mountain Formation erupted. Mineral and bulk compositions preclude liquid immiscibility. The mafic inclusions show clear mo...

The Figuera Lava, the oldest stratigraphic unit now recognized in northeastern Puerto Rico, and the overlying Fajardo Formation are redescribed and the name Figuera redefined and reinstated for formal use. Previously, lower Tertiary strata some distance from the type areas of the Figuera and Fajardo were correlated with the units by reconnaissance. Recent detailed mapping and paleontology now p...

Ijen Geopark has geotourism prospects from its geosites, biosites and culture-sites diversities. This study aims to give concepts design an educational facility that is accessible for diffable people with inclusive approach. Design process uses force-based framework. Identified forces are accessibility, black lava rocks, site contour, local materiality. method regionalism responds enhances regi...