Emissions of methyl bromide (MeBr) from agricultural fumigation can lead to depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, and so its use is being phased out. However, as MeBr is still widely used under Critical Use Exemptions, strategies are still required to control such emissions. In this work, novel reactive films (RFs) were designed and their efficacy in limiting loss of MeBr from soil was te...

The difference in electrochemical properties of three crown-type polyoxometalates multisubstituted by Fe, Ni or Co ions and their precursor has been rationalized with respect to their electrocatalytic performances studied in solution and in the immobilized state within the layer-by-layer film formed with a positively charged pentaerythritol-based Ru(II)metallodendrimer. The film assembly was mo...

Compressively-stressed elastic films on finite-thickness viscous substrates can undergo a buckling instability that relieves stresses but destroys the planarity of the film. A linear-stability analysis is performed to determine the onset and maximally unstable mode of this buckling instability as a function of misfit strain, viscous layer thickness, and viscosity. We find that the onset of the ...

One of the most common forms of cohesive failure observed in brittle thin films subjected to a tensile residual stress is channel cracking, a fracture mode in which through-film cracks propagate in the film. The crack growth rate depends on intrinsic film properties, residual stress, the presence of reactive species in the environment, and the precise film stack. In this paper, we investigate t...

We successfully fabricated (chitosan/alginate) (CHI/ALG) multilayer thin film by layer-by-layer (LBL) method. Film durability was enhanced by forming cross-linking using heat treatment, glutaraldehyde, and calcium chloride. Indeed, the adsorption of fibrinogen onto CHI/ALG multilayer thin film was determined by QCM system and it was found that physical stability and protein resistance of CHI/AL...

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Vertical single-walled and double-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT and DWNT) arrays have been grown using a catalyst embedded within the pore walls of a porous anodic alumina (PAA) template. The initial film structure consisted of a SiOx adhesion layer, a Ti layer, a bottom Al layer, a Fe layer, and a top Al layer deposited on a Si wafer. The Al and Fe layers were subsequently anodized to create a ...

We proposed optical gas sensors based on PLCs integrated with SnO2 thin films. SnO2 thin film was placed on the core layer appeared by removing the upper cladding layer of PLC. The propagation loss is analyzed using 2-D finite-difference time-domain method as a function of refractive index change of SnO2 thin film. The propagation loss of 0.18 dB was observed when the change of refractive index...

A bismuth telluride (BT)/indium selenide (IS) multilayer film was deposited at room temperature by rf magnetron sputtering on a sapphire substrate in order to investigate how the multilayered structure affects the microstructure and thermoelectric properties. The effect of annealing at different temperatures was also studied. The results were compared with those from a BT film with the same thi...

a theory is presented for the dispersion relations of the nonlinear phonon-polaritons arising when phonons are coupled to the electromagnetic waves in multilayered structures of nonlinear materials. the calculations are applied to a multilayered structure consisting of a thin film surrounded by semi-infinite bounding media where each layer may have a frequency dependent dielectric function and ...