ion of a hydrogen atom from one of these double bounds results in a new radical lipid species that can readily interact with molecular O2. The resulting lipid peroxyl radical can abstract a hydrogen atom from another fatty acid yielding another radical and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) establishing a chain reaction. The LOOHs formed are unstable and can decompose into various species including mal...

Hypercholesterolemic human LDL contains oxidized subfractions that have atherogenic properties. Paradoxically, atherosclerosis incidence is low in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), a disease characterized by marked increases in plasma LDL, including the LDL subfraction lipoprotein-X (Lp-X). To investigate the mechanisms underlying this paradox, we first examined the propensity to o...

The monocyte/macrophage appears to be the precursor of many of the lipid-laden cells in atherosclerotic lesions, but the mechanism by which these cells accumulate cholesterol to become foam cells remains unclear. We have previously reported that cultured endothelial cells can modify low density lipoprotein (LDL) in a manner that leads to rapid uptake by the acetyl LDL receptor of macrophages. T...

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) isolated from human plasma anticoagulated with EDTA (EDTA/LDL) was 4-fold more resistant to oxidation by reagent H2O2, as assayed by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay, than LDL prepared from plasma anticoagulated with citrate (CDP/LDL). The LDLs required 1-3 mM H2O2 for maximal oxidation by this assay, and ED50S were 1.7 X 10(-3) M for EDTA/LDL and 4.5 X 10(-4) M...

The reversible interaction of low density lipoprotein (LDL) with arterial chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) or glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) selects LDL particles with a high affinity for sulfated GAGs and also induces modifications in apolipoprotein B (apo B) and the lipid organization of the lipoprotein. In the present work we studied the effect that the reversible interaction with sulfat...

Oxidized (ox-) low density lipoproteins (LDL) is characterized by the formation of lipid peroxides and their decomposition to reactive aldehydes which covalently link to apoB in LDL. These chemical changes are believed to be responsible for the enhanced recognition of ox-LDL by receptors on macrophages in culture. When oxidation is extensive, particle aggregation also occurs. The aim of this st...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to investigate the value of ox-LDL and oxidation ratio of LDL (ox-LDL/TC, ox-LDL/HDL-C and ox-LDL/LDL-C) in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in CAD patients. Also, we aimed to observe the effect of statins on reducing level of ox-LDL and oxidation ratio of LDL, and explore whether statins still have similar effect on ox-LDL in a short period of t...

Several lines of evidence suggest that oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (LDL) is atherogenic and that antioxidants may protect LDL against oxidation. In addition, cigarette smoking is known to induce oxidant stress. We have examined the effect of ingestion of the antioxidants D,L-ar-tocopherol (vitamin E) and 0-carotene and of smoking on the resistance of LDL against copper-mediated...

Background: A great deal of evidence has indicated that oxidatively modified LDL plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Antioxidants that can prevent LDL oxidation may act as antiatherogens. Copper is a candidate for oxidizing LDL in atherosclerotic lesions. The binding of copper ions to LDL is usually thought to be a prerequisite for LDL oxidation by copper...

oxidation of low density lipoprotein (ldl) has been strongly implicated in the phathogenesis of atherosclerosis. the use of oxidants in dietary food stuff may lead to the production of oxidized ldl and may increase both the development and the progression of atherosclerosis. the present work investigated the effects of some elements including: copper (cu), iron (fe), vanadium (v) and titanium (...