BACKGROUND Identification of bona fide direct nuclear receptor gene targets has been challenging but essential for understanding regulation of organismal physiological processes. RESULTS We describe a methodology to identify transcription factor binding sites and target genes in vivo by intersecting microarray data, computational binding site queries, and evolutionary conservation. We provide...

Transcriptional networks, which are initiated by secreted proteins, cooperate with each other to orchestrate eye development. The establishment of dorsal/ventral polarity, especially dorsal specification in the optic vesicle, is poorly understood at a molecular and cellular level. Here, we show that COUP-TFI (Nr2f1) and COUP-TFII (Nr2f2) are highly expressed in the progenitor cells in the devel...

The orphan nuclear receptor chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII; Nr2f2) is expressed in adipose tissue in vivo and declines during differentiation. Overexpression of COUP-TFII prevents adipogenesis, whereas shRNA-mediated reduction of COUP-TFII promotes differentiation, as shown by increased lipid accumulation and elevated expression of fat cell marker protein...

The diverse function of retinoic acid (RA) is mediated by its nuclear receptors, the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs). However, the RA response is often lost in cancer cells that express the receptors. Previously, it was demonstrated that the RA response is regulated by the COUP-TF orphan receptors. Here, we present evidence that nur77, another orphan receptor whos...

Although coup risk plays an important role in theories of war, revolution, and democratization, scholars have not developed a rigorous conceptualization and valid measure of the concept. We develop a structural understanding of coup risk as distinct from proximate causes of coups as well as coup-proofing strategies that regimes implement to avert coups. Theoretical insights into factors that pr...

Abstra ct. Lat t ices of coup led maps on t he in terval are used to test some ideas of Y. Pomeau concerning estimates of the numb er of degrees of freedom per unit leng th of a spatia lly in coh erent system . Qualitative agreement is found between dimension densit ies obtained using two-point measurements at separ ated lat t ice p oints and dimension densities obtained using spati al decay of...

Isomers of retinoic acid are considered likely regulators of developmental pattern formation in vertebrate embryos. The orphan receptor COUP-TFI, which can alter cellular responses to retinoic acid in cultured cells, is expressed in distinct regions of the developing zebrafish and mouse anterior central nervous system. We asked if COUP-TFI can modulate retinoic acid signaling and anterior neura...

Two different genomic genes for the COUP-transcription factor, COUP-TF I and COUP-TF II, have been isolated from a human cosmid genomic library using a [32P]-labeled cDNA probe. Data obtained from Southern blot analysis of these cosmid clones indicated that two closely related genes exist in the human genome and have a similar genomic organization. The genes are similar in the hormone and DNA b...

Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) plays an essential role in angiogenesis and development. It is differentially expressed in tumor cell lines, but its role in carcinogenesis is largely unknown. We demonstrate here that noninvasive human lung cancer cells become invasive when COUP-TFII was expressed. The expression of extracellular matrix degrading proteinas...