Endothelial surface expression of P-selectin and subsequent leukocyte rolling in venules can be induced by mast cell-derived histamine and binding of thrombin to protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1). We hypothesized that activation of endothelial PAR2 by mast cell tryptase or other proteases also contributes to inflammatory responses. Leukocyte rolling flux and rolling velocity were assessed by...

The leukocyte integrin αMβ2/Mac-1 appears to support the inflammatory response through multiple ligands, but local engagement of fibrin(ogen) may be particularly important for leukocyte function. To define the biological significance of fibrin(ogen)-αMβ2 interaction in vivo, gene-targeted mice were generated in which the αMβ2-binding motif within the fibrinogen γ chain (N390RLSIGE396) was conve...

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, representing the second leading cause of death an infectious agent worldwide. The available vaccine against this has insufficient coverage and variable efficacy, accounting for high number cases In fact, estimated third world’s population latent infection. Therefore, developing new vaccines crucial to preventing it. study, highly a...

the calmette-güerin vaccine (bcg) is administered to all the newborns in iran in order to prevent tuberculosis. complications of this vaccine are uncommon. we report disseminated bcg disease in 17 patients less than 10 years old. this is a retrospective study of total of 17 cases who were admitted in children medical center hospital with systemic syndrome compatible with mycobacterium disease w...

Modern medicine has produced many successful theories concerning the causes of diseases. For example, we know that tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and that scurvy is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. This chapter discusses the nature of medical theories from the perspective of the philosophy, history, and psychology of science. I will review prominent phil...

We report a rare case in a female infant (age, 3.5 months) with primary immunodeficiency (IFN-γ/IL-12 pathway defect) who presented with suppurative lymphadenitis after Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination. The strain of M. bovis BCG identified was found to be resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. The patient was treated with a special pharmacological regimen involving isoniazid (in a limited, st...

patients and methods previously recorded data of 231 patients who underwent surgical closure of vsd between january 2009 and january 2012 at the rajaie cardiovascular medical and research center were retrospectively reviewed. vsd surgical repair was performed using continues suturing technique in group a patients (n = 163, 70.6%) and interrupted suturing technique in group b patients (n = 68, 2...

The effect of Mycobacterium /eprae was studied on mitogen, PHA and ant igen, PPO-induced leucocyte migrat ion inhibit ion in 44 leprosy patients and 1 3 healthy controls using the leucocyte migrat ion inh ibi tion test . While M. /eprae decreased the PHA-generated inhibit ion of migrat ion of leucocytes in tuberculoid patients and healthy i ndividuals , i t enhanced the inh ibi tory effect on t...

BACKGROUND A test for diagnosis of active Tuberculosis (TB) from peripheral blood could tremendously improve clinical management of patients. METHODS Of 178 prospectively enrolled patients with possible TB, 60 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary and 27 patients with extrapulmonary TB. The frequencies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) specific CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells producing c...

We investigated the postantibiotic effects (PAEs) of four agents against Mycobacterium avium in a human macrophage model under two different experimental conditions. For postantibiotic leukocyte enhancement (PALE), bacteria were exposed to antibiotics prior to their phagocytosis, whereas for pulsed exposure (PE), antibiotics were added after phagocytosis. In both cases, the drugs were used at t...