Debilitating events could leave either more frail or more robust survivors, depending on the extent of scarring and mortality selection. The majority of empirical analyses find more frail survivors. I find heterogeneous effects. Among severely stressed former Union Army prisoners of war (POWs), the effect that dominates 35 years after the end of the Civil War depends on age at imprisonment. Amo...

The present study aims to examine long-term consequences of political repression during the Soviet occupation of Estonia. Psychopathological variables such as diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression as well as positive results -conceptualized as ‘posttraumatic growth‘ were assessed in this study. Assessment of factors related to onset and retention of PTSD symptom...

In some American schools, about a fifth of the fathers have spent time in prison during their child’s primary education. We examine how variation across schools in the aggregation and concentration of the mass imprisonment of fathers is associated with their own children’s intergenerational educational outcomes and ‘‘spills over’’ into the attainments of other students. We assess the associatio...

and the other to concrete instances of its operation upon the particular individual. Inasmuch as imprisonment is intended to bring about changes in both attitudes, and as imprisonment represents a prolonged concrete ex2 VAT, NORmAN & MAHER, BRENDAN. Prisoners' Altitudes to-ward Home and tie JTdiciai System. J. CRis. LAw, CRIMNo7L., 1958, 49, 327-330.

Since 1972, the rate of incarceration in U.S. state and federal prisons has increased every year without exception from a rate of 96 prisoners per 100,000 population in 1972 to 504 prisoners per 100,000 in 2008 (BJS, 2008).1 Counting those housed in jails, the nation’s total incarceration rate has surpassed 750 per 100,000 (Liptak, 2008). Accompanying the 40-year increase in imprisonment has be...

This paper provides a sintetic review of the literature concernig the effects of imprisonment on crime rates and on recidivism. We hghlighht both the effects depending on general and specific deterrence as well as open research questions. Readers wishing to cite this document are asked to use the following form of words: Galbiati Roberto, Drago Francesco (2012). “Deterrent effects of imprisonme...