A simple formula for the density diagnostics of a plasma is proposed in the present work. The idea comes from the level-crossing feature of a hydrogen-like ion immersed in the plasma. Viewing the lowest electronic states to which the crossing between all neighboring levels takes place, the density is shown to be expressed in a tractable form as a function of the ionization-potential lowering of...

Finite temperature compact electrodynamics in (2+1) dimensions is studied in the presence of external electromagnetic fields. The deconfinement temperature is found to be insensitive to the external fields. This result corroborates our observation that external fields create additional small–size magnetic dipoles from the vacuum which do not spoil the confining properties of the model at low te...

We review the fundamentals of Jahn-Teller interactions and their field theoretical modelings and show that a 2+1 dimensional gauge theory where the gauge field couples to “flavored fermions” arises in a natural way from a two-band model describing the dynamical Jahn-Teller effect. The theory exhibits a second order phase transition to novel finite-temperature superconductivity.

The boundary scattering problem in 1+1 dimensional CFT is relevant to a multitude of areas of physics, ranging from the Kondo effect in condensed matter theory to tachyon condensation in string theory. Invoking a correspondence between CFT on 1 + 1 dimensional manifolds with boundaries and Chern-Simons gauge theory on 2+1 dimensional Z2 orbifolds, we show that the 1+ 1 dimensional conformal bou...

We assume that a single particle of mass m cannot be localized to better than +h/2mc. Using our understanding of finite and discrete measurement accuracy, the single particle transition in 1+1 space-time from (O, O) to (z, t) can then be characterized by a scale factor N and two integers r, 1defined by z = N(r – l)h/mc and ct = N(r + l)h/mc 2. The average velocity over this finite interval is v...

We examine the interactions of radiation with a hydrogen-like atom as a simple example that displays many of the typical characteristics of how atoms and molecules in general interact with photons. We will examine the spectral line processes of absorption, stimulated emission (emission caused by passing radiation), spontaneous emission (radiation without any external stimulus), and the continuu...

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Hydrogenic fast-ion populations are common in toroidal magnetic fusion AQ1 devices, especially in devices with neutral beam injection. As the fast ions orbit around the device and pass through a neutral beam, some fast ions neutralize and emit Balmer-alpha light. The intensity of this emission is weak compared with the signals from the injected neutrals, the warm (halo) neutrals and the cold ed...

Exploiting a 3+1 analysis of the Mars-Simon tensor, conditions on a vacuum initial data set ensuring that its development is isometric to a subset of the Kerr spacetime are found. These conditions are expressed in terms of the vanishing of a positive scalar function defined on the initial data hypersurface. Applications of this result are discussed. PACS numbers: 04.20.Ex, 04.20-q, 04.70-s Subm...

Gravitational perturbations in a Kerr black hole background can not be decomposed into simple tensor harmonics in the time domain. Here, we make the mode decomposition only in the azimuthal direction and discuss the resulting (2+1)-dimensional Klein-Gordon differential equation for scalar perturbations with a two dimensional Dirac’s δ-function as a source representing a point particle orbiting ...