Purpose This study investigates how older women linguists' careers developed and led to self-employment, this not necessarily in a linear career stage fashion. The focus is on understanding the factors that influence become or continue into an entrepreneurship lifestyle, beyond economic reasons. Design/methodology/approach research questions guided are: (1) How have at old age? (2) Which influe...

This paper discusses the development Mayan linguistics as an authoritative field of knowledge in Guatemala. In particular, it links missionary linguists' and Maya linguists' activities with shifting nationalist agendas from the 1920s in to the late 1980s. It is argued that during the historical and intellectual moment that linguistics becomes an authoritative epistemology, phonetic analysis fun...

Annotation graphs and annotation servers offer infrastructure to support the analysis of human language resources in the form of time-series data such as text, audio and video. This paper outlines areas of common need among empirical linguists and computational linguists. After reviewing examples of data and tools used or under development for each of several areas, it proposes a common framewo...

Linguists studying grammar often describe their models using a syntax tree. Drawing a syntax tree involves the depiction of a rooted tree with additional syntactic features using specific domain conventions. TreeForm assists users in developing syntax trees, complete with movement lines, coreference, and feature association, in order to explore their syntactic theories and explain them to their...

This research investigates masculine and feminine in Arabic, aiming at highlighting the formal semantic limits set by Arab linguists for each of them. Two further issues constitute aim this research: first: reality indicators feminization, extent their conformity with reality, The second is to explain cause existence these signs refute idea classical that they came restrict proliferation words....

Combinatorial Category Grammar is (CCG) a lexicalized grammar formalism which is expressed by syntactic category, a logical form representation. There are difficulties in representing CCG without any visualization tools. This paper presents a design framework of OpenCCG workbench and visualization tool which enables linguists to develop CCG based lexicons more easily. Our research is aimed to r...

The article considers the repertoire of direct and indirect speech tactics applied to implement strategy defamation Armed Forces Russian Federation employed defend Federation’s interests its citizens’ interests, support international piece safety; government authorities executing defense interests. material research – video files, pictures, screenshots social nets, containing signs defamation. ...