purpose: transcranial magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound (mrgfus) is a new development in the field of functional neurosurgery. a comprehensive review of the current literature was performed to evaluate of transcranial mrgfus in treatment of essential tremor (et) and parkinson’s disease. methods: articles available in electronic databases of pubmed, and web of science, as of july 2016...

Paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) as the result of preapical inflammation or endodontic treatment is a rare but serious occurrence. The following case report describes the diagnosis and management of paresthesia related to an endodontic periodical lesion of a mandibular third molar.

INTRODUCTION Tumors can metastasize to the oral cavity and affect the jaws, soft tissue and salivary glands. Oral cavity metastases are considered rare and represent approximately 1% of all oral malignancies. Because of their rarity and atypical clinical and radiographic appearance, metastatic lesions are considered a diagnostic challenge. The purpose of this report is to present a rare case of...

background vermilion irregularities are common secondary deformities after cleft lip repair, regressed or resected hemangiomas, trauma and tumor surgeries. vermilion deficiency attracts considerable attention and detracts from an otherwise excellent lip repair. minor and moderate vermilion defects can be corrected with upper lip advancement, rotation flaps, tongue flaps or grafts. major defects...

People with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) watched a reflected image of their unaffected limb being touched and felt pain or paresthesia at the corresponding site on the affected limb. The authors suggest that allodynia and paresthesia can be mediated by the brain and that dysynchiria has implications for the understanding and management of CRPS1.

BACKGROUND Traditional tonic spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been approved by FDA for chronic pain of intractable back and limb pain. However, it induces paresthesia and relieves pain poorly to some extent. Recently, burst SCS has been developed for pain reduction without the mandatory paresthesia. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review of burst SCS for chronic back and limb pain. OBJECTIVE The...

Objectives: One of the factors predicting language impairments is an early limited lexicon in children. An early limited lexicon can also lead to limited performances in other language areas. This study was aimed to examine receptive and expressive vocabulary in 8-16 month-old children with cleft lip and palate as a predictor of development in other language areas. Materials: The MacArthur-Bat...