Levels of liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase are clinical markers of liver injury, and are used to diagnose and monitor alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury (Goessling and Friedman, 2005). Plasma concentrations of these enzymes can also be affected by heri...

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed numerous associations between many phenotypes and gene candidates. Frequently, however, further elucidation of gene function has not been achieved. A recent GWAS identified 69 candidate genes associated with elevated liver enzyme concentrations, which are clinical markers of liver disease. To investigate the role of these genes in liver homeo...

Research Question: Does in vitro exposure of preimplantation mouse embryos to the ketone bodies β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) and acetoacetate (AcAc) impact post-transfer fetal placental gene expression?DesignBlastocysts cultured with or without 2 mmol/L βOHB alone (‘βOHB’) combined 0.8 AcAc (‘Keto’) underwent embryo transfer. Transcriptional profiles sexed E14.5 placentae, liver, brain were examine...

The validity of mouse liver tumors is controversial in the risk assessment of carcinogenicity of chemicals in humans, because mice used in carcinogenicity bioassays are genetically predisposed to liver tumors. The argument could be resolved once liver tumor susceptibility genes have been cloned and their role in liver tumor development elucidated. We performed a genetic linkage analysis to map ...

The validity of mouse liver tumors is controversial in the risk assessment of carcinogenicity of chemicals in humans, because mice used in carcinogenicity bioassays are genetically predisposed to liver tumors. The argument could be resolved once liver tumor susceptibility genes have been cloned and their role in liver tumor development elucidated. We performed a genetic linkage analysis to map ...

The validity of mouse liver tumors is controversial in the risk assessment of carcinogenicity of chemicals in humans, because mice used in carcinogenicity bioassays are genetically predisposed to liver tumors. The argument could be resolved once liver tumor susceptibility genes have been cloned and their role in liver tumor development elucidated. We performed a genetic linkage analysis to map ...

Lipid accumulation in the liver due to chronic alcohol consumption (CAC) is crucial development of disease (ALD). It promoted by NADH/NAD ratio increase via dehydrogenase (ADH)-dependent metabolism and lipogenesis peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) liver. The transcriptional activity PPARγ on lipogenic genes inhibited S-nitrosylation but activated denitrosylation S-nitrosoglut...