The evaporation heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of HFC-161 in a horizontal smooth tube with an inside diameter of 9 mm was experimentally investigated. The local heat transfer coefficient and total pressure drop were measured at the heat flux ranging from 15 – 25 kW/m, the mass flux ranging from 100 – 200 kg/(m·s), and the evaporation temperature of 5, 10 °C. The experimental re...

Fouling is a common, fundamental and costly problem in heat transfer systems, which reduces thermal efficiency of equipment, increases the energy loss and causes strong damage to the heat transfer equipment in various industries. The main causes of fouling on the heat transfer surfaces are salts with inverse temperature-solubility in the fluid which calcium sulfate is one of the most important ...

Seasonal changes of the Adriatic Sea level, obtained by analyses of monthly sea level data measured at the Split tide gauge station in 1958-2001, are reported. The data were correlated by multivariant analysis to (1) local meteorological data on air temperature, air pressure, and precipitation, collected at the Split station and data on winds obtained from ECMWF ERA40 Reanalysis fields and (2) ...

We sketch a rigorous derivation of Fourier's law from a system of closure equations for a nonequilibrium stationary state of a Hamiltonian system of coupled oscillators subjected to heat baths on the boundary. The local heat flux is proportional to the temperature gradient with a temperature dependent heat conductivity and the stationary temperature exhibits a nonlinear profile.

This paper reports an experimental study on nanofluid convective boiling heat transfer in parallel rectangular minichannels of 800 μm hydraulic diameter. Experiments are conducted with pure water and silver nanoparticles suspended in water base fluid. Two small volume fractions of silver nanoparticles suspended in water are tested: 0.000237% and 0.000475%. The experimental results show that the...

0142-727X/$ see front matter 2008 Elsevier Inc. A doi:10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.08.003 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 979 845 4500; fax E-mail address: [email protected] (D. Banerjee Surface temperature fluctuations that occur locally underneath departing bubbles in pool boiling are shown to result in local heat transfer coefficients ranging from 1 to 10 kW/cm. These estimates were repo...

the aim of this paper is to enhance thermal performance of a microchannel heat sink by using nanoencapsulated phase change material (nepcm) slurry as a cooling fluid instead of pure fluid. a threedimensional model of a circular channel using water slurry of nepcm was developed. the results show a significant reduction in the mean fluid temperature along the channel and heat sink wall temperatu...

Abstract-A numerical solution for the free convection flow past a vertical semi-infinite flat plate embedded in a highly saturated porous medium by allowing the plate to have a non-uniform temperature or a non-uniform heat flux distributions has been developed. Both local heat transfer rate and excess surface temperature as a function of the distance along the plate are tabulated for a few case...

BACKGROUND The vascular endothelium plays an integral role in maintaining vascular homeostasis, including the regulation of blood flow, vascular tone, and platelet aggregation. The aim of this study was to see if there were any differences in endothelial function between Koreans and Caucasians. MATERIAL/METHODS This was accomplished by 2 measures of endothelial function--the response to local...

Characterization of local boiling trends, in addition to the typically reported area-averaged trends, is essential for the robust design and implementation of phase change technologies to sensitive heat transfer applications such as electronics cooling. This paper compares local and area-averaged boiling curves during a phase change process using non-intrusive quantitative infrared thermal visu...