The hedgehog gene (hh) of Drosophila melanogaster exerts both short- and long-range effects on cell patterning during development. The product of hedgehog is a secreted protein that apparently acts by triggering an intra-cellular signaling pathway, but little is known about the details of that pathway. The Drosophila gene fused (fu) encodes a serine/threonine-protein kinase that genetic experim...

Abstract Cave biodiversity and ecosystems are underexplored. To guide conservation needs for visitor management, we surveyed the 2,158 m long Danial in northern Iran vertebrate fauna. We identified four mammalian two amphibian species cave: greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum , Blasius's blasii lesser mouse-eared myotis Myotis blythii Hyrcanian field mouse Apodemus hyrcanicus wood f...

Three bat species have long been considered to occur within the state of Rajasthan—the Lesser Mouse-Eared Myotis blythii Tomes, 1857, Large Barbastelle Barbastella darjelingensis Hodgson, in Horsfield, 1855 and Serotine Bat Eptesicus serotinus pachyomus 1857. Rajasthan is type locality for two these species—Myotis pachyomus. Despite targeted surveys, bats not observed more than a century half. ...

Prior to this study the circumscription of the endangered black-eared miner (Manorina melanotis) and the common yellow-throated miner (Manorina ¯avigula) has been clouded by the existence of hybrid individuals. We examined the intra-and inter-speci®c phenotypic variation of the two taxa. All available museum specimens (n=138) and a sample of live individuals (n=83) were examined. Cluster analys...

Hedgehogs are small, nocturnal mammals that become popular in the world and have significant role in transmission of zoonotic agents. Some of the agents are transmitted by ticks and fleas such as rickettsial agents. For these reason, a survey on ectoparasites in European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) carried out between April 2006 and December 2007 from different parts of Urmia city, ...

Objective- The aim of this study was preparing detailed anatomic images of the thoracic cavity of the southern white-breasted hedgehog using the non-invasive computed tomography (CT) technique.Design- Descriptive study.Animals- Five southern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor) which is a species native to the Middle East, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, and Iran. Since some people...

During late summer and early autumn, temperate bats migrate from their summering sites to swarming sites, where mating likely occurs. However, the extent to which individuals of a single summering site migrate to the same swarming site, and vice versa, is not known. We examined the migratory connectivity between summering and swarming sites in two temperate, North American, bat species, the lit...