The sequential estimation (SE) proposed by Ward for rapid acquisition of pseudo noise (PN) sequences works well only at moderate signal-to-noise ratios (SNR’s). In this paper, a seed accumulating sequential estimation (SASE) method based on accumulating seeds of the received PN sequence is proposed, which performs well at low SNR also. The mean acquisition time of the proposed SASE method is de...

The sequential estimation (SE) proposed by Ward for rapid acquisition of pseudo-noise (PN) sequences performs well only at moderate chip signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). In this paper, a seed accumulating sequential estimation (SASE) method based on accumulated seeds of the received PN sequence is proposed, which performs well at low chip SNR also. The mean acquisition time performance of the SAS...

A RAKE receiver accomplishing joint blind multipath diversity combining and PN code timing recovery is proposed for direct-sequence spread-spectrum signaling over a frequency-selective fading channel. In this technique, an improved known modulus adaptive algorithm is exploited to perform multipath diversity combining in the blind mode, while a modified PN code timing recovery technique based on...

In present work, we have implemented the pseudo-code (PN-code) generator using quantum-dot cellular (QCA) technology. Simulation results are obtained from QCA designer software. The PN-code generation is of paramount importance for any secure communication system. The complex code generated is used to scramble incoming plain text. At the receiving end, the same code is generated and successfull...

Distinguishing between adjacent targets is a major problem in radar system. Two targets located in the detection area of radar appear as one point on the radar screen if the distance between the two adjacent targets is less than the distance resolution of radar and the angle between these adjacent targets is less than the angle resolution of the radar. This paper discusses how to increase the d...

Because of the very high chip rate of global positioning system (GPS), P-code acquisition at GPS receiver will be challenging. A variety of methods for increasing the probability of detection and reducing the average time of acquisition have been provided, among which the method of Zero Padding (ZP) is the most essential and the most widely used. The method using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT...

A ranging-sequence system is a system in which a periodic binary (±1) ranging sequence modulates an uplink carrier to produce a signal that is transmitted from an Earth station to a transponder in the spacecraft whose range from the Earth station is to be measured. This modulated uplink carrier is received and processed by the spacecraft transponder, either in a simple turnaround (non-regenerat...

— Aiming at the problem of blind estimation of Pseudo-random (PN) sequences in multi-user long scrambling code direct sequence spread spectrum (LSC-DSSS) signals, in this paper, we proposed a novel PN sequences estimation method based on Fast-ICA algorithm and third-order statistics. The received signal is firstly divided twice into segments and then the segments are transformed into several a...

right of private property is of the most important individual rights of society that lies in the heart of private law. in islamic law protection of property as one of the five goals of fighhe, that is, protection of sagacity, religion, generation and self, is to be stipulated. based on article 140 of civil code the process of property acquisition is restricted to four cases. on the other hand, ...