A hierarchical modeling approach is used to study the process by which interactions of easterly waves with the background flow can result in a reduction in the longitudinal and vertical scale of the waves. Theory suggests that in flows that possess a negative longitudinal gradient (U x <0) there is a reduction of longitudinal and vertical group speeds and an increase in regional wave action den...

The aim of the paper is to show that splitting of a waveguide leads to fission of bulk solitons in solids. We study the dynamics of a longitudinal bulk solitary wave in a delaminated, symmetric layered elastic bar. First, we consider a two-layered bar and assume that there is a perfect interface when x<0 and complete debonding (splitting) when x>0 , where the axis Ox is directed along the bar. ...

The ground state of a one-dimensional (1D) quantum gas of dipoles oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, with a strong 1/x(3) repulsive potential, is studied at low 1D densities n. Near contact the dependence of the many-body wave function on the separation x(jℓ) of two particles reduces to a two-body wave function Ψ(rel)(x(jℓ)). Immediately after a sudden rotation of the dipoles so t...

3-D nonlinear electrostatic plasma wave is periodic along its longitudinal direction. By strictly analyzing a universal equation set of charged particles system, we find that such a longitudinal periodicity has a severe constraint on the transverse shape of a 3-D electrostatic structure. Only few allowed transverse shapes could warrant the longitudinal periodicity. This longitudinal periodicity...

Elderly women have increased aortic and ventricular stiffness but preserved global systolic function. Possible gender differences in ventricular deformation attributed to increased aortic stiffness at rest or with positive inotropic stress remain unknown. Eighty-four subjects (mean age: 63±8 years) were assessed for aortic stiffness by pulse wave velocity and ventricular deformation at rest and...

The hypothesis examined was that contractions of the longitudinal muscle layer occurin the duodenum which are independent of those of the circular muscle layer and that they induce flow of duodenal contents. A segment of opossum duodenum isolated in vitro was marked and photographed during periods of longitudinal muscle contraction, when the circular muscle layer appeared inactive. The preque...

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) manipulation is of vital importance to construct ultracompact integrated micro/nano-optical devices and systems. Here we report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a SPP microcavity with full transverse and longitudinal mode selection and control on the surface of gold film. The designed microcavity supports the fundamental and first-order transver...

The covariant Vlasov-Maxwell system is used to study breaking of relativistic warm plasma waves. The well-known theory of relativistic warm plasmas due to Katsouleas and Mori (KM) is subsumed within a unified geometric formulation of the ‘waterbag’ paradigm over spacetime. We calculate the maximum amplitude Emax of non-linear longitudinal electric waves for a particular class of waterbags whose...