In this study, a method of in situ membrane fouling quantification is developed that enables comparisons of foulant accumulation between desalination processes with different membranes, driving forces, and feed solutions. Unlike the conventional metric of flux decline, which measures the response of a process to fouling, the proposed method quantifies the foulant accumulation. Foulant accumulat...

Biofouling is recognized as one of the most problematic fouling types in reverse osmosis (RO) processes and lead to high energy requirements operating costs. Over past decade, many studies on membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems for wastewater applications demonstrated that disrupting cell-cell communications among bacteria, called quorum quenching (QQ), a promising approach inhibit biofouling mem...

The technique to fabricate nanofibrous mat by electro-spinning has been known for a long time. But the attempts to use the electospun nanofiber mats, also known as electro-spun nanofiber membranes (ENMs), for filtration purposes began only recently. Among many membrane filtration processes, air cleaning by the removal of dust particles has already been commercialized and the product has been in...

Liquid desiccant air conditioning (LDAC) is an emerging technology able to maintain optimal growing conditions in self-sustained greenhouses powered by solar energy. However, the regeneration of liquid (LD) a bottleneck LDAC. This study investigates six desalination technologies – membrane distillation (MD), reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), forward (FO), thermoresponsive (TR) solution...

Forward osmosis (FO) as emerging technology for water treatment was reported to exhibit higher solute rejections compared reverse (RO). In this work, the rejection of two uncharged organic compounds (nicotinamide, caffeine) were investigated first time in low-pressure (LPRO) mode and FO under similar process conditions utilizing same hollow fiber forward membrane modules. consistently showed th...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in surfactant removal using various model aqueous solutions. separation tests were performed with laboratory scale units dead-end configuration. Cellulose Acetate (CA) and Polyamide (PA) RO membranes used nonionic, anionic, or cationic surfactants at wide range concentrations. Membrane evaluated permeate flux ...

The energy requirements for desalination have made it an expensive process, however, is still a viable and cost-effective means of water purification amidst freshwater scarcity. management disposal brine external extra cost due to the effect on environment. integration Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) with Reverse (RO) technique as modelled in this paper enhances management. fed back into PRO un...

In the present study, oxytetracycline (OTC) was selected as a medical contaminant with an organic structure to increase efficiency and feasibility of comparison other research studies. Therefore, removal OTC from medicinal effluents using different methods; namely, activated carbon, bentonite adsorption, iron(III) chloride coagulation, membrane filtration reverse osmosis (RO), investigated. Res...

The rejection of cyclophosphamide (CP) by nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes from ultrapure (Milli-Q) water and membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluent was investigated. Lyophilization-extraction and detection methods were first developed for CP analysis in different water matrices. Experimental results showed that the RO membrane provided excellent rejection (>90%) under all ope...

the aim to achieve in this study is to recover the cr(iii) and process waters used in thewastewaters of chrome tanning operation by membrane process during leather production. in the treatmentalternative contains, cartridge filter, nanofiltration (nf(np10)), nanofiltration nf(xn45) and reverse osmosisro(acm2) membranes. the raw chrome wastewater from the cartridge filter was given to nf(np10)me...