This paper presented both the linear quadratic Gaussian technique (LQG) and the coefficient diagram method (CDM) as load frequency controllers in a multi-area power system to deal with the problem of variations in system parameters and load demand change. The full states of the system including the area frequency deviation have been estimated using the Kalman filter technique. The efficiency of...

Recently the Master Constraint Programme (MCP) for Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) was launched which replaces the infinite number of Hamiltonian constraints by a single Master constraint. The MCP is designed to overcome the complications associated with the non – Lie – algebra structure of the Dirac algebra of Hamiltonian constraints and was successfully tested in various field theory models. For t...

In the previous papers (Pupeikis, 2000; Genov et al., 2006), a direct approach for estimating the parameters of a discrete-time linear time-invariant (LTI) dynamic system, acting in a closed-loop in the case of additive correlated noise with contaminating outliers uniformly spread in it, is presented. It is assumed here that the parameters of the LQG (Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control) controll...

The problem of background independent quantum gravity is the problem of defining a quantum field theory of matter and gravity in the absence of an underlying background geometry. Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a promising proposal for addressing this difficult task. Despite the steady progress of the field, dynamics remains to a large extend an open issue in LQG. Here we present the main ideas b...

The empirical problem of natural resource management is typically the intertemporal allocation of product flows and resource stocks under uncertainty. National forest harvest scheduling is conceptualized in this study as a stochastic optimal control problem. In theory, optimal solutions to most stochastic control problems exist, but required computer costs are excessive even for problems of mod...

Linear-Quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) control is concerned with the design of an optimal controller and estimator for linear Gaussian systems with imperfect state information. Standard LQG assumes the set of sensor measurements, to be fed to the estimator, to be given. However, in many problems, arising in networked systems and robotics, one may not be able to use all the available sensors, due to po...

The lack of rotating black hole models, which are typically found in nature, loop quantum gravity (LQG) substantially hinders the progress testing LQG from observations. Starting with a nonrotating as seed metric, we construct spacetime using revised Newman-Janis algorithm. solution is nonsingular everywhere and it reduces to Kerr asymptotically. In different regions parameter space, describes ...

Qptinnrrni controller designs are developed which take account of the digital round-of€ errors in the controller implementation and in the A/D and D/A converters for the case of uniform skewed sampling. Skewing the control samples allows the computational delay in the control computer t o be accommodated in the optimization problem. These results provide a very general extension to the LQG theo...

The discrete logarithm problem in Jacobians of curves of high genus g over finite fields Fq is known to be computable with subexponential complexity Lqg (1/2, O(1)). We present an algorithm for a family of plane curves whose degrees in X and Y are low with respect to the curve genus, and suitably unbalanced. The finite base fields are arbitrary, but their sizes should not grow too fast compared...

A rigorous implementation of the Wheeler–Dewitt equations was derived in context Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) and coined Spin Dynamics (QSD). The Hamiltonian constraint QSD criticised as being too local to prevent “propagation” canonical LQG. That criticism based on an algorithm developed for generating solutions Wheeler–DeWitt equations. fine details that could not be worked out because makes cr...