نتایج جستجو برای: macrolides

تعداد نتایج: 4269  

Journal: :Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2021

Abstract Objectives Data on the consumption of macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (MLS) in community were collected from 30 EU/European Economic Area (EEA) countries over two decades. This article reviews temporal trends, seasonal variation, presence change-points changes composition main subgroups MLS. Methods For period 1997–2017, data MLS, i.e. ATC group J01F, aggregated at level ac...

Journal: :Journal of Nippon Medical School = Nippon Ika Daigaku zasshi 2002
Keiko Ninomiya Tomoko Fukui Toshiko Imai Motoyo Matsui Kazuhiko Matsuoka

UNLABELLED We randomly administered cephalosporins or macrolides to 365 pediatric patients with influenza-like symptoms and compared the clinical course and complication rate of pneumonia. One hundred and fifty-four patients received cephalosporins (Group 1) and 211 received macrolides (Group 2). There were no significant differences in age, male/female ratio and body weight between the two gro...

Journal: :Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 1989
K Chirgwin P M Roblin M R Hammerschlag

The in vitro susceptibilities of two clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae from Brooklyn, N.Y., were determined for tetracycline, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and three new macrolides--azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin. Clarithromycin was the most active drug tested, followed by the other macrolides, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin.

2016
James D. Porter Jennifer Watson Lee R. Roberts Simren K. Gill Helen Groves Jaideep Dhariwal Mark H. Almond Ernie Wong Ross P. Walton Lyn H. Jones John Tregoning Iain Kilty Sebastian L. Johnston Michael R. Edwards

BACKGROUND Exacerbations of asthma and COPD are triggered by rhinoviruses. Uncontrolled inflammatory pathways, pathogenic bacterial burden and impaired antiviral immunity are thought to be important factors in disease severity and duration. Macrolides including azithromycin are often used to treat the above diseases, but exhibit variable levels of efficacy. Inhaled corticosteroids are also read...

2014
Marie Lund Björn Pasternak Rie B Davidsen Bjarke Feenstra Camilla Krogh Lars J Diaz Jan Wohlfahrt Mads Melbye

OBJECTIVE To assess the association between use of macrolide antibiotics in mothers and infants from pregnancy onset until 120 days after birth and infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). DESIGN Nationwide register based cohort study. SETTING Denmark, 1996-2011. PARTICIPANTS 999,378 liveborn singletons and linked individual level information on macrolide prescriptions (maternal us...

Journal: :Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 2007
Annick Seithel Sonja Eberl Katrin Singer Daniel Auge Georg Heinkele Nadine B Wolf Frank Dörje Martin F Fromm Jörg König

Macrolides may cause severe drug interactions due to the inhibition of metabolizing enzymes. Transporter-mediated uptake of drugs into cells [e.g., by members of the human organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family] is a determinant of drug disposition and a prerequisite for subsequent metabolism. However whether macrolides are also inhibitors of uptake transporters, thereby providing...

Journal: :Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2011
Scott T Chancey Xiaoliu Zhou Dorothea Zähner David S Stephens

The antimicrobial efflux system encoded by the operon mef(E)-mel on the mobile genetic element MEGA in Streptococcus pneumoniae and other Gram-positive bacteria is inducible by macrolide antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides. Induction may affect the clinical response to the use of macrolides. We developed mef(E) reporter constructs and a disk diffusion induction and resistance assay to determ...

Journal: :Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2005
Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar Christine Lammens Jasper Piessens Herman Goossens

Resistance to macrolides and tetracyclines is increasing among streptococci and co-occurs as their resistance determinants are carried on the same mobile element. We developed a multiplex PCR to facilitate simultaneous and specific detection of resistance determinants for both macrolides [erm(A), erm(B), and mef(A/E)] and tetracyclines [tet(M), tet(O), tet(K), and tet(L)] in streptococci.

Journal: :Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2008
Tatsuya Tsuda Chika Ishikawa Hiroe Konishi Yoshiaki Hayashi Noboru Nakagawa Masato Matsuki Hitoshi Mizutani Kiyofumi Yamanishi

The production of interleukin-8 induced by the activation of protease-activated receptor 2 and its synergism with interleukin-1beta were modulated by 14-membered-ring macrolides, namely, roxithromycin, erythromycin, and clarithromycin, in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Those macrolides may attenuate the protease-activated receptor 2-interleukin-8 axis and thereby modulate proinf...

Journal: :Respiratory medicine 2013
K Suresh Babu J Kastelik J B Morjaria

Antibiotics are commonly used in the management of respiratory disorders such as cystic fibrosis (CF), non-CF bronchiectasis, asthma and COPD. In those conditions long-term antibiotics can be delivered as nebulised aerosols or administered orally. In CF, nebulised colomycin or tobramycin improve lung function, reduce number of exacerbations and improve quality of life (QoL). Oral antibiotics, s...

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