in this review, we aim to examine the effect of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on spermatogenesis process taking into account a complex signaling pathway. primarily, it is suggested that retinoic acid (ra) has a vital function in spermatogenesis process and it is considered to be essential for completion of spermatogonia into mature spermatozoa. in the present review, the key effects of retino...

Sertoli cell-only syndrome is defined by the complete absence of germ cells in testicular tissues and always results in male infertility. Germ cells give rise to next stages of spermatogenesis which is the process of sperm formation. They are normally attached to Sertoli cells forming together so called seminiferous tubules which form testicular tissue. If there are only Sertoli cells, then ​ n...

Sertoli cell-only syndrome is defined by the complete absence of germ cells in testicular tissues and always results in male infertility. Germ cells give rise to next stages of spermatogenesis which is the process of sperm formation. They are normally attached to Sertoli cells forming together so called seminiferous tubules which form testicular tissue. If there are only Sertoli cells, then ​ n...

Previous studies have shown that treatment of rats with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues or steroids either before exposure to procarbazine or radiation or after irradiation enhances subsequent levels of spermatogenesis. We demonstrate here that giving a GnRH agonist after procarbazine injection also enhances spermatogenesis and fertility. We also demonstrate that GnRH agonist st...

The physiological function of spermatogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster and mammals is to produce spermatozoa (1n, haploid) that contain only half of the genetic material of spermatogonia (2n, diploid). This half number of chromosomes from a spermatozoon will then be reconstituted to become a diploid cell upon fertilization with an egg, which is also haploid. Thus, gene...

infertility is a relatively common problem among couples, and gossypol, a yellowishpigment detected in cottonseed, is one cause.adult nmri mice (25-35 gr) were used in this study. the animals were kept in standard conditionswith a dark and light cycle of 12:12, controlled humidity and temperature, food and water were availableadlibitium.gossypol was dissolved in ethanol and diluted by sunflower...

conclusions it seems that the preventive effects of rutin against damages caused by ida can be attributed to its ability to reduce apoptosis, which may be mediated by underexpression of caspase3 and overexpression of bcl2 genes. also, it could increase the expression of dazl that may be important in spermatogenesis. methods in the current experimental study, balb/c mice were divided into 8 grou...

Spermatogenesis is regulated by genetic and epigenetic factors. However, the genes signaling pathways mediating human spermatogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we have for first time explored expression, function, mechanism of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) in controlling proliferation apoptosis spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). We found that GPx3 was expressed SSCs. Notably, revealed knoc...

during hibernation period from mid october to late march, we removed testis of laudakia caucasia. based on histological and statistical analyses we obtained two phases in spermatogenesis in this lizard as follows: (a) from october to december, in which the spermatogenesis is inactive and (b) from january to march, in which the spermatogenesis is active. spermatogenesis during late hibernation o...

Background: Disruption in spermatogenesis and infertility occurred after local testicular heating. In this study in addition to evaluation the long term effects of experimental bilateral and unilateral cryptorchidism on sperm parameters and structure of mouse testis, the genes that involved in programmed cell death after cryptorchidism and treatment methods of decreasing the germ cells in semin...