investigating pressure applied in surface vertically that is done by use of mechanical procedures isn’t efficient to measure pressure applied in inner surface of reservoir or pipes having gas due to entering pressure into whole walls and different surfaces. So, in order to measure this kind of pressure, several studies were conducted in past decades and also various procedures were proposed tha...

If filtration is required, sintered-glass funnels should be used as filter paper removes some of the dye by adsorption. Sodium bromide is used in preference to sodium chloride or potassium chloride because the detergent solution gradually develops a turbidity (not visible in the presence of the dye) on addition of the chlorides, and precipitates are formed on storage in mixtures of detergent, a...

The wind speed gauge in a tunnel plays an important role the airflow simulation process so that it is similar to actual conditions as desired. Wind measurement mostly use manometer with special fluid (red fluid) and resulting data form of analog data. red unavailable Indonesia its price quite expensive becomes challenge for tunnels still manometer. Therefore, necessary make new instrument measu...

OBJECTIVE To test the agreement between two handcrafted devices and a cuff-specific manometer. METHODS The agreement between two handcrafted devices adapted to measure tracheal tube cuff pressure and a cuff-specific manometer was tested on 79 subjects. The cuff pressure was measured with a commercial manometer and with two handcrafted devices (HD) assembled with aneroid sphygmomanometers (HD1...

The existence of a large communication between the atria allows detailed study of sounds and pressures in the four heart chambers and the pulmonary arteries. Only the aorta is inaccessible to the cardiac catheter. In uncomplicated atrial septal defect, moreover, pressures within the heart chambers are almost normal. There are no important pressure gradients across the valves. It seems likely, t...

OBJECTIVE To compare three devices for manual neonatal ventilation. DESIGN Participants performed a two minute period of ventilation using a self inflating device, an anaesthesia bag with attached manometer, and a Neopuff device. An intubated neonatal mannequin, approximating a 1 kg infant with functional lungs, was used for the study. Target ventilation variables included a rate of 40 breath...

BACKGROUND The clinical practice of pediatric anesthesiology has changed with increasing use of cuffed endotracheal tubes (cETTs) in infants and children. To limit the risk of tracheal mucosal damage, regular monitoring of intracuff pressure (CP) is necessary. This study evaluates the efficacy and accuracy of a novel syringe device that provides a digital readout of the CP. METHODS The study ...

In the history of clinical immunoassay, even up to the present day, no group of tests has been subjected to more scrutiny and controversy than analog-type freeanalyte assays (1– 4 ). Unfortunately, inappropriate design of many experiments has led users to an incorrect perspective of how analog assays work. An analysis of the important series of studies by Nelson and coworkers (5–10 ) shows that...