While there has been strong managerial and academic interest in price promotions, much of the focus has been on the impact of such promotions on category sales, brand sales and brand choice. In contrast, little is known about the long-run impact of price promotions on manufacturer and retailer revenues and margins, although both marketing researchers and practitioners consider this a priority a...

We develop a general-equilibrium model to capture key features of the retailing and of the manufacturing industry in order to understand how these two industries interact and how labor is allocated between them. We show that the observed shift in employment from manufacturing to retailing, the rise in retailer product assortment and the emergence of slotting allowances in many retail markets ar...

As technology advances, so does the complexity of reusable medical devices. This creates greater challenges for cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing devices between patient uses. There is increasing concern from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the reusable device industry that inadequately reprocessed devices are contributing to infections acquired in hospitals and other heal...

In this chapter, we describe and interpret what we were told in interviews with representatives of eight companies that manufacture and market innovative medical devices. We begin by providing background on how companies were selected and recruited to participate, the issues addressed in the interviews, and the companies and devices on which the interviews focused. We then report and interpret ...

This arrangement represents an excellent example of waste and cost reduction, because the containers are durable and reusable. Ideally, there should be little cost for the OEM associated with them beyond initial purchase: containers may need routine maintenance and are replaced as they wear out in the normal course of events. For the suppliers, there should be no cost at all. By driving waste a...