Minimally invasive surgical techniques, in particular laparoscopy, have many advantages over traditional surgery, most notably more rapid patient recovery. Limitations of current instrumentation, however, can make laparoscopic surgery awkward for the surgeon. A teleoperative surgical workstation would improve the surgeon's dexterity and control during laparoscopy. This report rst presents a bri...

The circadian clock system adapts phasic physiological activities, such as sleeping and eating, to environmental cycles. The “master clock” is in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the principal cue (Zeitgeber) is the light–dark cycle, around which most mammalian (and those of all living organisms) functions have evolved. In our society, with activity 24 h per day, the clock is frequently ov...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the morbidity and mortality in patients with operable stage ii and iii rectal cancers within one or two months after surgery, who has been treated pre-operatively with short course radiotherapy. twenty-eight patients with rectal adenocarcinoma, consecutively referred to the cancer institute of imam khomeini hospital from march 2009 to march 2010, were selec...

The passenger line planning is a process of strategic long-term decision-making problem in the field of railway passenger planning. A line is a route between starting point and destination with certain stops, which has a certain frequency of train schedule. A new solution based on decomposition algorithm has been proposed in this paper, which is defined in a master problem and two sub problems....

We introduce a position-exchange controller for bilateral teleoperation of flexible surgical robots. The controller requires the position of the master arm and the deformed shape of the slave arm, but no force information is required. The position-tracking controller of the master arm causes the master arm to follow the position of the tip of the slave arm. The position tracking controller of t...