labor pain is one of the most tiresome types of pain. so human has been seeking to allay this pain until now. administration of a suitable agent such as entonox during labor is very beneficial for childbirth outcomes. entonox can be administered in two ways: intermittently and continuously. the aim of this study is to demonstrate whether continuous method is as safe as intermittent method? this...

OBJECTIVE To compare a combination of epidural fentanyl and bupivacaine with bupivacaine alone for epidural analgesia in labour and to evaluate factors in addition to analgesia that may influence maternal satisfaction. DESIGN A prospective randomised pilot study. SETTING Birmingham Maternity Hospital. SUBJECTS 85 primiparous women who requested epidural analgesia in labour and their babie...

BACKGROUND Women's satisfaction with childbirth is an important measure of the quality of maternity care services. This study aims to address factors related to women's childbirth satisfaction in physiological and routine childbirth groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS This descriptive-analytical study was conducted among 340 women in physiological and routine childbirth groups in 2012. Women were s...

INTRODUCTION Childhood immunization is considered to be among the most effective preventive services, and is therefore critical to monitor and evaluate. One prior study reported an association between parental satisfactions with pediatric care and up-to-date immunization at 24 months independent of maternal age, race, and education. In addition to promoting appropriate utilization, satisfaction...

CONTEXT To improve the uptake of prenatal care, it is important to know how the use of prenatal care varies by maternal attitudes and social and demographic factors. METHODS Information about social and demographic variables, prenatal care, parity, pregnancy planning, abortion attempts, satisfaction with pregnancy and satisfaction with the relationship with the child's father was collected fr...

BACKGROUND Although external cephalic version (ECV) can be effective for correcting the fetus in a cephalic presentation, it may be painful for the mother. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of remifentanil for pain relief during ECV in China. METHODS In all, 152 Chinese parturients with singleton breech presentation were randomly divided into 2 groups, each with 76 patients...

BACKGROUND Continuous intrathecal labor analgesia produces rapid analgesia or anesthesia and allows substantial flexibility in medication choice. The US Food and Drug Administration, in 1992, removed intrathecal microcatheters (27-32 gauge) from clinical use after reports of neurologic injury in nonobstetric patients. This study examined the safety and efficacy of a 28-gauge intrathecal cathete...

BACKGROUND Latin America has a high rate of caesarean sections. We tested the hypothesis that a hospital policy of mandatory second opinion, based on the best existing scientific evidence, reduces the hospital caesarean section rate by 25%, without increasing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. METHODS 36 hospitals in Argentina (18), Brazil (eight), Cuba (four), Guatemala (two), a...

OBJECTIVE Effective pain relief during labor is essential to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity arising due to pain-induced maternal sympathetic activation, and to avoid unnecessary cesarean sections performed due to maternal anxiety. Walking epidural analgesia on labor reveals lower pain scores, leading to higher maternal satisfaction with better cardiovascular and pulmonary physiology. D...