We formulate an equivalence between the 2-dim $\ensuremath{\sigma}$-model spectrum expanded on a nontrivial massive vacuum and classical particle Hamiltonian with variable mass potential. By considering methods of analytic Galoisian nonintegrability appropriate geodesics system we algebraically constrain masses at fixed time, such that integrability is allowed. Through our equivalence, this exp...

The paper is a contribution both to the theoretical foundations and to the actual construction of efficient automatizable proof procedures for non-classical logics. We focus here on the case of finite-valued logics, and exhibit: (i) a mechanism for producing a classic-like description of them in terms of an effective variety of bivalent semantics; (ii) a mechanism for extracting, from the bival...

The following text is an annotation to Marc A. A. van Leeuwen's paper " Tableau algorithms defined naturally for pictures " in its version of 25 November 2011. This annotation contains corrections of a few mistakes. Different comments are separated by horizontal lines, like this: Page 1, §1: Replace " as a tableaux " by " as tableaux ". Page 3, §2.2: Replace " The the non-empty " by " The non-e...