Many investigations have recently been performed on return vent height and indicate that having 1.3 m distance from the floor is the optimized height for it. In this article, the effect of distance between opening diffuser and return vent on air quality, thermal comfort and energy saving was investigated. According to the results, by increasing the distance between opening and return vent up to...

In order to improve the vase life of alstroemeria cut flowers (Alstroemeria aurantiaca), an experiment was performed based on completely randomized design with 10 treatments including cycloheximide (50, 100 and 200 mg l-1), benzyladenine (50, 100 and 200 mg l-1), coconut juice (5, 10 and 20 %) and control (distilled water) in three replications. In this study, characteristics such as vase life,...

The study investigated whether chronic TMD patients with disc displacement with reduction (DDR), performing non-assisted maximum jaw movements, presented any changes in their mandibular kinematics with respect to an age-matched control group. Moreover, it was examined whether jaw kinematics and a valid clinic measure of oro-facial functional status have significant associations. Maximum mouth o...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the range of motion exercise of the temporo-mandibular joint (jaw ROM exercise) with a hot pack and massage of the masseter muscle improve biting disorder in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The subjects were 18 DMD patients (21.3+/- 4.1 years old). The jaw ROM exercise consisted of therapist-assisted training (2 times a week) and self-training...

The analysis of dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) positions for the delivered intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans is crucial in that it may capture dose delivery problems otherwise difficult to observe and quantify in the conventional dosimetric measurements with film or with an ionization chamber. In some IMRT systems, delivery of IMRT fields starts with a maximum MLC opening (rough...

Given that stomatal movement is ultimately a mechanical process and that stomata are morphologically and mechanically diverse, we explored the influence of stomatal mechanical diversity on leaf gas exchange and considered some of the constraints. Mechanical measurements were conducted on the guard cells of four different species exhibiting different stomatal morphologies, including three varian...

Flower fragrance compounds were found to be produced from the precursor solution obtained from flower buds by crude enzyme prepared from the flowers at the opening stage. GC and GC-MS analyses showed the formation of volatile aroma constituents from the precursor solution of Jasminum polyanthum F, Jasminum sambac Ait, and Gardenia jasminoides E, but none in the case of Osmanthus fragrans L. The...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether tonsillectomy in children leads to subsequent reduction in mouth opening. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from October 2005 to December 2006. METHODOLOGY A total of 42 children undergoing tonsillectomy (Group A = requiring insertion of a mouth gag) and 44 pat...

OBJECTIVES The surgical target of Masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia (MMTAH) is the masseter or temporal muscle. In our clinic, the 4-dimentional muscle model (4DMM) has been used to decide if we should approach to the masseter or temporal muscle. The aim of this study is validate the clinical usefulness of 4DMM on the basis of the surgical results. METHODS The 4DMM was constru...

When mannose is provided in the transpiration stream to spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaf discs, a series of specific and nonspecific changes occur in CO(2) and H(2)O vapor exchange as a function of feeding time. The initial increases in apparent photosynthesis and transpiration are nonspecific effects due to osmotic changes leading to passive stomatal opening. The mannose-specific effects are: ...