Partial DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I and II genes were used to construct a molecular phylogeny based on representative species from 10 of the 20 genera of Sesiidae. Maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian analysis were utilized. Sequencing of a 606-base pair region of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI), tRNA leucine, and COII gene revea...

The marine fishes of the genus Selene are morphologically unique, although little is known about how these species are related to other members of the family Carangidae (Perciformes). In addition, questions remain about the potential validity of two putative species and how species groups with unique body forms within Selene are related. We used DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b g...

BACKGROUND We present a series of simulation studies that explore the relative performance of several phylogenetic network approaches (statistical parsimony, split decomposition, union of maximum parsimony trees, neighbor-net, simulated history recombination upper bound, median-joining, reduced median joining and minimum spanning network) compared to standard tree approaches, (neighbor-joining ...

Phylogenetic inference aims at reconstructing the evolutionary relationships of different species given some data (e.g. DNA, RNA or proteins). Traditionally, the relationships between species were assumed to be treelike, so the most frequently used phylogenetic inference methods like Maximum Parsimony were originally introduced to reconstruct phylogenetic trees. However, it has been well-known ...

Phylogenetic analysis of large datasets using complex nucleotide substitution models under a maximum likelihood framework can be computationally infeasible, especially when attempting to infer confidence values by way of nonparametric bootstrapping. Recent developments in phylogenetics suggest the computational burden can be reduced by using Bayesian methods of phylogenetic inference. However, ...

Phylogenetic networks are used to display the relationship of different species whose evolution is not treelike, which is the case, for instance, in the presence of hybridization events or horizontal gene transfers. Tree inference methods such as Maximum Parsimony need to be modified in order to be applicable to networks. In this paper, we discuss two different definitions of Maximum Parsimony ...

Methods Partial sequences (c. 1400 bp) from the mitochondrial cytochrome b, 16S rDNA and COI genes were obtained from representative samples of the five species. Phylogenetic inference was carried out with maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses. Parsimony networks were constructed for the Bermudian species Typhlatya iliffei and one Yucatan species Typhlatya mitchelli, to determine th...

This paper introduces a reference architecture for developing agent-based systems that preserves core concepts of agenthood while minimizing cumbersome features found in other agent architectures. This parsimony has been found useful in addressing complex problems.