BACKGROUND Long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting β2-agonist combinations are recommended for patients whose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not managed with monotherapy. We assessed the efficacy and safety of glycopyrrolate (GP)/formoterol fumarate (FF) fixed-dose combination delivered via a Co-Suspension™ Delivery Technology-based metered dose inhaler (MDI) (GFF MDI). ...

BACKGROUND Pediatric asthma is the No. 1 chronic disease in childhood and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. In Nebraska, the number of asthma-related deaths is greater than the national average, and in 1998, 2 students died of acute asthma attacks while attending school in the Omaha public schools (OPSs). In response, we designed and implemented a program to respond to thi...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) in delivering medication to the lungs highly depends on its correct usage technique. Current guidelines state optimal technique for high lung deposition should include a slow inhalation (>5 seconds) at an inspiratory flow rate of 30 L/min and inhaler actuation at the start of inhalation. However, these recommendations were based on cl...

Inhalation product development is an important area of activity for the pharmaceutical sector. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are becoming increasingly common and there is growing recognition of the benefits of the pulmonary route for systemic drug delivery. The industry is responding by investing heavily in both formulation and device research. Inhalation delivery plat...

Abbreviations: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES; Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, GOLD; metered dose inhalers, MDIs; dry powder inhalers, DPIs; tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα; forced vital capacity, FVC; forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FEV1 Citation: Loh CH, Ohar JA. Editorial: Personalization ...

Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) provide several advantages over nebulizers, including ease of administration, decreased cost, reliability of dosing, and freedom from contamination. However, this method of aerosol delivery has been considered ineffective in mechanically-ventilated patients because most of the aerosol deposits in the endotracheal tube and ventilator circuit. A smaller amount of aero...

Inhaled therapies have been used since ancient times and may have had their origins with the smoking of datura preparations in India 4,000 years ago. In the late 18th and in the 19th century, earthenware inhalers were popular for the inhalation of air drawn through infusions of plants and other ingredients. Atomizers and nebulizers were developed in the mid-1800s in France and were thought to b...

Abstract Mercury’s south polar region is of particular interest since Arecibo radar measurements show many high-reflectance regions consistent with ice deposits. However, current elevation information in southern hemisphere not sufficient to perform detailed modeling the illumination and thermal conditions at these radar-bright locations constrain properties volatiles potentially residing there...

OBJECTIVE To characterize and evaluate canister floating patterns of three commercially available metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) with varying amounts of medication remaining. DESIGN Four canisters each of three asthma medications were studied. MDIs were actuated every 30 seconds to 60 seconds, and canisters were weighed and floated at 100%, 75%, 66%, 50%, 33%, 25%, 10%, and 0% of remaining labe...