Abnormalities in the embryologic development and migration of the thyroid gland can result in ectopic thyroid tissue. Ectopic mediastinal goiters are somewhat uncommon developmental anomalies, accounting for less than 1% of all thyroid ectopies. Graves’ disease within mediastinal goiter is a very rare entity, described only in few cases in English literature. Pretracheal thyroidectomy alone doe...

FIBROSING mediastinitis is a rare disease characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue and acellular collagen within the mediastinum. Most cases of fibrosing mediastinitis in the United States are caused by an exaggerated granulomatous immunologic response to Histoplasma capsulatum infection. However, other possible etiologic conditions include tuberculosis, mediastinal malignan...

OBJECTIVE Breast cancer metastasis to the lung is common. The resection of lung metastases in patients with breast cancer has been controversial. Here, we present a very rare case of pulmonary and mediastinal lymph node metastases in a patient with breast cancer who had a disease-free interval (DFI) of more than 33 years. METHODS An involved lobectomy and systematic mediastinal lymph node dis...

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis is a rare disease that is usually caused by a spreading, diffuse inflammatory reaction (phlegmon) to an odontogenic infection or peritonsillar abscess. Reported mortality rates range from 25 to 40%. The use of antibiotics and advances in resuscitation procedures and critical care techniques have not essentially improved survival, and an effective treatment h...

 Abstract Castleman disease or giant node hyperplasia is a rare disorder of the lymphoid tissue most often involving the mediastinal lymph nodes. We report a case of localized retroperitoneal hyaline-vascular type of Castleman disease. A 35-year old woman presented with mild epigastric pain with radiation to the back. Amild anemia was the only abnormal associated finding. Abdominal ultrasound a...

In the preantibiotic era, pyogenic thoracic vertebral osteomyelitis was often complicated by mediastinal abscess, empyema, or necrotising pneumonia which arose by contiguous invasion late in the disease and progressed to bacteraemia and death.' Since the advent of antibiotics, however, the disease more often presents insidiously and may simulate mediastinal tumour, or gastrointestinal, genitour...

A review of staging investigations in the preoperative evaluation of mediastinal involvement in primary bronchial carcinoma is presented. The following conclusions are offered as guidelines for the use of mediastinal staging procedures in clinical practice: Surgical staging methods have the over-riding advantage of superior specificity over indirect imaging techniques. Where 67Ga-imaging or CT ...

Aspergillus is a common saprophytic fungi of the human airways and causes a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from aspergilloma to invasive aspergillosis. There are few reports on mediastinal aspergilloma without any underlying pulmonary disease or immunocompromise. Herein, we report a case of mediastinal aspergilloma that we experienced and treated by thoracoscopic resection and oral antifun...

OBJECTIVES Pulmonary metastasectomy is considered an effective treatment in selected patients with extrapulmonary cancer and oligometastatic disease. We know that the presence of mediastinal lymph node metastases reduces survival significantly, but the mediastinum is rarely evaluated before metastasectomy in these patients. We prospectively evaluated how endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbro...