this study is a typological description of written formative feedback in an efl context in iran. twenty m.a. students of tefl participated in the study. they were required to summarize a scholarly article in each session on which the instructor would provide written corrective feedback (cf). written formative comments were extracted, coded, and categorized into various types, such as asking for...

Many studies have evaluated how the characteristics of feedback receiver, feedback deliverer and feedback information influence psychological feedback reactions of the feedback receiver while largely neglecting that feedback intervention is a kind of social interaction process. To address this issue, this study proposes that employees' perceived insider status (PIS), as a kind of employee-organ...

After infecting a CD4 T cell, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can either replicate and kill the cell or enter latency, a dormant state of the virus where viral gene-expression is turned OFF. This cell fate decision between viral replication and latency is controlled by the viral regulatory protein, Tat. This protein is known to activate its own production, creating a positive feedback circui...