Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in adults, accounting for about 20.0% of all NS cases. With an increasing prevalence, especially in the elderly, it has received great attention in Asia. Summary: Recently, the prevalence of idiopathic MN (IMN) has significantly increased among the elderly people in Asia and other places in the world. Al...

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN) is one common cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in adults; 25% of MN patients proceed to end-stage renal disease. In adults, membranous nephropathy is a lead cause of nephrotic syndrome, with about 75% of the cases idiopathic. Secondary causes include autoimmune disease, infection, drugs and malignancy. Three hypotheses about pathogenesis have surface...

Idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis (IMGN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Disease progression is associated with the magnitude and duration of proteinuria [Reichert LJ, Koene RA, Wetzels JF. Prognostic factors in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 31: 1-11]. Membranous nephropathy is also one of the glomerular diseases that is well d...

In membranous nephropathy it would be of great value to be able to identify in an early phase patients at highest risk for disease progression, since potentially toxic treatment could then be restricted to these patients only. We measured renal hemodynamics, serum proteins and urinary protein excretion in 22 patients with membranous nephropathy, nephrotic syndrome and normal renal function (end...

In membranous nephropathy it would be of great value to be able to identify in an early phase patients at highest risk for disease progression, since potentially toxic treatment could then be restricted to these patients only. We measured renal hemodynamics, serum proteins and urinary pro­ tein excretion in 22 patients with membranous nephropathy, nephrotic syndrome and normal renal function (e...

We report two cases of Japanese men who presented with proteinuria, eosinophilia, hypocomplementemia, and high serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) concentration and were diagnosed with membranous nephropathy associated with IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis on renal biopsy. The typical renal lesions of IgG4-related disease are tubulointerstitial nephritis, which improves remarkably with ster...

Patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) share histopathological characteristics that are similar across affected organs. The finding of infiltration with IgG4+ plasma cells in the proper clinical and histopathological contexts connects a large number of clinical entities that were viewed previously as separate conditions. The renal involvement in IgG4-RD is usually characterized by tubuloi...

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Up to 80% of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy have non-complement-fixing IgG4 autoantibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R). Membranous nephropathy recurs in approximately 40% of patients after kidney transplantation, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, we describe a patient with recurrent membranous nephropathy 13 days after kidney transplantation whose graft biopsy sp...

INTRODUCTION Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by pulmonary hemorrhage, crescentic glomerulonephritis and the presence of circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies. The simultaneous occurrence of both anti-glomerular basement membrane disease and membranous nephropathy is rare. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old Hispanic man pres...