Introduction: Chronic use of opiates is associated with a wide range of neuropsychological deficits. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate one of the neuropsychological functions, updating function of working memory, in three groups, including substance abusers (heroin and opium), those under treatment with methadone, and normal controls. Methods: The method of this study was causal-compar...

Introduction: Health investigations require a wide and continuous range of studies over physical and moral aspects of humans. Health is feeding good and not being sick. Many factors affect the sustainability of health; one of the important factors is cognitive (memory) factors since  episodic memory plays on important role in recording a person’s personal experience related to time and place. M...

The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of cognitive training using software programs on improving the performance of students' skills in solving the mathematical problems. The method of this research was semi-experimental with using pre-test post-tests and control group. For this purpose, first by random multi-stage cluster, 180 male students of fourth-grade were selected, the...

Introduction: Aging and middle aged population growth and increase in life expectancy, has changed the attitude towards elderly. However, decrease in cognitive performance of aged people has always been under investigation. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of working memory software on self-esteem, self-concept and middle aged memory. Methods: This experimental study was car...