Brain edema was induced in rats by injecting 50 mu microspheres, labelled with 85Sr, into the internal carotid artery. The use of radioactive microspheres as embolic agents enabled the number of microspheres to be determined in each cerebral hemisphere. Edema was assessed 12 or 24 h after embolization by measuring brain water content and, in some experiments, sodium and potassium. Pretreatments...

MK-212 (1 x 10(-7)M -- 1 x 10(-5)M) produced dose-dependent contractions of guinea pig ileum, taenia coil and rat fundus strip. The responses to MK-212 in all three preparations were blocked competitively by cyproheptadine (1 x 10(-8)M) a 5-HT receptor antagonist. Mepyramine (1 x 10(-8)M)-H1 receptor antagonist also inhibited competitively the responses of guinea pig ileum and taenia coli to MK...

Rats exposed to 0.1-5 Gy of heavy particles (56Fe, 40Ar, 20Ne or 4He) showed dose-dependent changes in body temperature. Lower doses of all particles produced hyperthermia, and higher doses of 20Ne and 56Fe produced hypothermia. Of the four HZE particles, 56Fe particles were the most potent and 4He particles were the least potent in producing changes in thermoregulation. The 20Ne and 40Ar parti...

Effects of the aqueous extract of T. sessilifolius on the gastrointestinal muscle were investigated on smooth muscle preparations isolated from rabbit jejunum, guinea pig ileum and on gastrointestinal transit in mice. Elemental analysis of the extract was also carried out. The aqueous extract of T. sessilifolius evoked a concentration dependent contraction of the rabbit jejunum and guinea pig i...

Effects of histamine H1-receptor antagonists on L-dopa-induced behavioral excitement were examined in mice to confirm behaviorally the inhibition of dopamine uptake by these compounds. L-Dopa (100-300 mg/kg, s.c.) combined with pargyline hydrochloride (80 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a dose-dependent behavioral excitement. The marked excitement induced by L-dopa (300 mg/kg) plus pargyline was significan...

Pyridine rings are ubiquitous in drug molecules; however, the pre-eminent reaction used to form carbon-carbon bonds in the pharmaceutical industry, the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, often fails when applied to these structures. This phenomenon is most pronounced in 2-substituted pyridines, and results from the difficulty in preparing, the poor stability of, and low efficiency in react...

the absence of a universally accepted mathematical model for assessment of the effectiveness of drugs in the process of wound healing is one of the problems the health professionals have been faced. in this study, an “empirical” mathematical model is presented to evaluate its reliability from an experimental viewpoint and from a comparative aspect with previous models used to study wound healin...