Abstract Many parasites and hosts are embroiled in an on-going arms race that affects the evolution of each participant. One such battle is between parasitic nematodes terrestrial gastropods which have co-evolved for 90–130 MY. Recently, snails been shown to encase kill invading using their shell as a defence mechanism. However, there remarkably little known about this process terms understandi...

The micro-encapsulation procedure of calcium nitrate in urea-formaldehyde shell is well known. most recent developed method for the synthesis self-healing micro-capsules was based on in-situ polymerization using water-in-oil emulsion. Although microcapsules’ yield significantly improved this approach, incorporating into concrete mixes has been found to reduce strength. One potential strength re...

Invasive feral swine (Sus scrofa) cause extensive damage to agricultural and wildlife resources throughout the United States. Development of sodium nitrite as a new, orally delivered toxicant is underway to provide an additional tool to curtail growth and expansion of feral swine populations. A micro-encapsulation coating around sodium nitrite is used to minimize detection by feral swine and ma...

The continuing demand for yet smaller and lighter electronic devices requires micro packaging where shrinkage in the geometry of the substrates as well as decrease of the area of the die is needed. Higher device and circuitry integration of the silicon die, finer pitch of fully populated arrays interconnections are examples of how the industry is meeting these miniaturizations demand. Today tec...

Casein is the collective name for a family of milk proteins. In bovine milk, casein comprises four peptides: αS1, αS2, β, and κ, differing in their amino acid, phosphorus and carbohydrate content but similar in their amphiphilic character. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of casein show block distribution in the protein chain. Casein peptides carry negative charge on their surface as a resul...

Biophenols are highly prized for their free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities. Olive mill wastewaters (OMWWs) are rich in biophenols. For this reason, there is a growing interest in the recovery and valorization of these compounds. Applications for the encapsulation have increased in the food industry as well as the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields, among others. Advancements in m...