Different types of fault current limiters (FCLs) have been developed and designed based on non-superconducting DC reactors (NSDRs). This paper proposes a controllable dual-bridge FCL (CDBFCL) the NSDR for use in an AC-type micro-grid. It includes two series shunt bridge circuits. The is diode semiconductor switches coupled with line via transformer. thyristor parallel line. provides variable vo...

To realize smart grids, there is a need for flexible supply and demand of electricity. Conventional heating systems in the Netherlands are based on gas, but new innovative systems, such as heat pumps and micro-CHPs, consume or produce electricity. If the demand for heat and the production/consumption of electricity is decoupled by using a hot water buffer, these heating systems provide the flex...

the present paper investigates the advantages of a new class of composite grid structures over conventional grids. thus far, a known grid structure such as orthogrid or isogrid has been used as an orthotropic layer with at most in-plane anisotropy. the present laminated grid is composed of various numbers of thin composite grid layers. the stiffness of the structure can be adjusted by choosing ...

due to uncertain nature of wind and photovoltaic power units, the participation of this units in electricity markets is subjected to significant deviation penalties. this issue leads to despondency or even admission of these units in the competitive environment. with regard to this fact that the low deviations are available when predictions are performed in a short-term horizon and also distrib...

We present herein a novel method to prepare free-standing Dried Foam Films (DFFs) whereby individual polynuclear manganese complexes cover quantitatively the holes of micro-grids; the fabricated, homogeneous films have a cross-sectional thickness of only ca. 5 nm and are characterised by high mechanical stability.