Previous investigations have shown that the size of a regurgitant jet as assessed by color Doppler flow mapping is independently affected by the flow rate and velocity (or driving pressure) of the jet. Fluid dynamics theory predicts that jet momentum (given by the orifice flow rate multiplied by velocity) should best predict the appearance of the jet in the receiving chamber and also that this ...

are presented. There are three types: (1) straddling tricuspid orifice entering both primitive ventricles with the mitral valve entering the left ventricle (nine cases), (2) displaced tricuspid orifice into the primitive left ventricle, with no A-V orifice in the primitive right ventricle (three cases), and (3) displaced tricuspid orifice with straddling mitral valve, in which the mitral valve ...

The present paper represents a methodology for investigating flow characteristics near orifice plate by using a commercial computational fluid dynamics code. The flow characteristics near orifice plate which is located in the auxiliary feedwater system were modeled via three different levels of grid and four different types of Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with proper near-wa...

Since the first transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery was described, various applications and modified procedures have been investigated. Transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery for periotoneoscopy, cholecystectomy, and appendectomy all seem viable in humans, but additional studies are required to demonstrate their benefits and roles in clinical pract...

Numerical investigation of gravity flow of granular solids in a hopper through orifices of different shapes has been conducted using the discrete element method. The simulations are validated by comparing with the experimental results for rapeseed cases. It is observed that with orifices of the same area the flow rate decreases in the order of circle, square, rectangle and triangle, which is si...

Compared to single-hole orifices (SOs), multi-hole orifices (MOs) have smaller orifice sizes and various patterns of orifice distribution. The geometric description of MOs is more complex, increasing the difficulty of MO structural design. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate the key factors affecting MO throttle or flow control characteristics and to develop a general MO design method. T...

BACKGROUND Double-orifice mitral valve is an extremely rare cardiac anomaly possibly originating from insufficient endocardial fusion in embryogenesis. Severe concomitant cardiac anomalies and malfunction of the valve usually lead to an early diagnosis in childhood. Therefore the prevalence of isolated double-orifice mitral valve in adulthood is not known. CASE PRESENTATION We present the cas...